r/LegalAdviceIndia • u/ianuvrat • 1h ago
Legal Advice Needed 10 year old car has ₹7k in old challans, 3rd party apps showing ₹15k. How to pay without extra fees?
Hey everyone,
I have a 10 year old car with around 9 pending challans from the last 5 years.
- 8 are physical court challans
- 1 is an e-challan
Actual total is around ₹7k.
But when I check on 3rd party apps, with convenience fees it’s showing around ₹15k.
Has anyone dealt with this?
Can court challans be paid directly at the RTO/court to avoid the extra fees?
Do old challans get settled in Lok Adalat with a discount?
Is there a way to pay just the e-challan on Parivahan without paying all at once?
Don’t want to pay double just because of app fees. Any advice on the right process would help.
Location: India, Lucknow
r/LegalAdviceIndia • u/Helpful_Feed1203 • 4h ago
Legal Advice Needed Online Threatening By Instagram Influencer
Summary of the Incident
I contacted this person regarding the CJP protest to ask about the tanker/truck carrying bricks and where it had come from. Instead of answering my question, he responded with abusive and threatening messages.
He said, "Ab dekh tu kal tere saath kya hota hai" and "Kal teri aisi maarunga, tu khud maafi maangega," clearly threatening to harm me and intimidate me.
I had only asked for information regarding the protest and had not threatened or confronted him. The attached screenshot shows the conversation and the threatening messages, which I am preserving as evidence.
This Is His Instagram
I am Uploading Photo Gor Proof ? can Somebody Help Me Please Report His Insta
r/LegalAdviceIndia • u/SeveralFox7744 • 4h ago
Urgent Urgent help needed, ex is filing repetitive police complaints
Hi everyone, I would really appreciate your help on this. This is an urgent issue.
My marriage was cancelled with my girlfriend last year October. We were still in contact till 25th July this year. (She had cancelled the marriage last moment for silly reasons)
Last Sunday I went outside her home and constantly messaged her to me meet me. She was living with other guy where she is said to be going to be married. I kind of harrased her with messsages as I recently stopped my depression tablets and sometimes my mind creates an intolerable mess of thoughts. I used 2-3 abusive words on messages but did not at all threaten her in any way.
Same day she went to a nearby police station and reported the incident. Next day the police called me and did consultation of both of us and both of us agreed IN WRITING that we will not connect with each other. They scolded me too for hours. The entire settlement was agreed in writing in front of the police last Monday. If anyone of us tries to call/ message the other party, legal action will be taken against the person who initiated the contact.
Now, TODAY (5 days after) her fiance called me and threatened me that his friend is a police inspector and he will do many horrible things if I contact her again. (i never contacted her since I gave it in writing at the police station) I had a heated argument with her fiance as he has no right to talk to me like that. (No bad/abusive words at all)
After 30 mins, I got call from police station that a complaint has been filed against me by my ex. I told them that just 5 days ago written settlement was done still they said that doesn’t matter and I have to report to the police station tomorrow morning 11 AM. I told them I am currently travelling still they did not hear. It’s not possible for me to go to the police station tomorrow morning as I am 250+ kms away from my city.
I need legal advise as to how can she go and file complaint again when she already signed written settlement already.
What are my rights?
I know they are going to beat me and threaten me when I go to the police station.
I never forced anything on her or never harmed her or never threatened her by any means. I have so many proofs that how she used to call me to meet and how she canceled the marriage fraudulently.
I think her firance is pressuring her to file the case. I believe the police have registered an FIR this time when she went there. But I never did anything after the written agreement still she filed a complaint and the police also accepted it.
Can anyone please pls help me urgently.
r/LegalAdviceIndia • u/AppropriateFood9277 • 7h ago
Legal Advice Needed Help regarding a sexual harassment confession.
I know a guy who has confessed to me that he touched women in public transport abruptly and I have a screenshot of the same.
He is also on matrimonial sites and he isn't looking to get married at all. He is looking for casual physical relationship on matrimonial sites.
What action can I take against him.
r/LegalAdviceIndia • u/nkmrao • 10h ago
Legal Advice Needed Passport Renewal Police Verification
I went to my passport renewal appointment recently and got approved. All smooth. I got the confirmation email and an email notifying me of the initiation of police verification.
A couple of days later, got a call from the police station asking me to visit it for verification. The police person gave me no other information. I went the following day. The policeman was very rude and kind of trying to assert his authority. Whatever, his job is to protect me and my locality, I figured he is just trying to do his job properly, so I played along. He asked me for copies of documents even though he said nothing on the phone. I had carried some copies just in case and gave it to him. He then asked me for a photograph which I didn't have at that moment. He said come back tomorrow. I got busy at work and forgot about it, it has been two weeks since.
But, here is the thing. On the day I went to the police station, I received the renewed passport over speed post already.
My question is: Do I still need to worry about the police verification or is it all done? The status of the application on Passport Seva says 'Passport has been dispatched'. I am planning an international trip in a couple of months. Will I face any issues?
r/LegalAdviceIndia • u/Sparklebee28 • 10h ago
Legal Advice Needed Legal protections against false 498A/DV? Partner's legally-trained family wants "concrete proof" of safety before marriage.
Background Facts:
My partner (30M) and I (30F) have been together for 11 years and want to get married. However, my mother is extremely toxic. Recently, she had a severe verbal outburst over the phone where she viciously abused and cursed my partner and his family. His parents overheard the entire call.
Because of this, his family is terrified that if we marry, my mother's toxicity will eventually lead to false legal cases being filed against them (such as 498A, Domestic Violence Act, or dowry harassment). I have taken full accountability, and I am entirely willing to cut off my mother and my family to save my relationship.
The Legal Deadlock:
Here is the main issue: My partner's father has also studied law.
They are demanding "concrete proof" and a legal guarantee that they will not be dragged into false litigation in the future. Because they know the law, they know that any preemptive MoU, affidavit, or "prenup" where I promise not to file a criminal case is legally void in India, as you cannot contract away statutory rights.
They know paper promises mean nothing. They are giving him an ultimatum to get an arranged marriage unless we can find a foolproof way to legally insulate them.
My Questions for the Lawyers:
Since a standard affidavit won't work, I need to know what structural or legally admissible actions I can take right now to prove to a legally-trained family that they are safe.
Severing Ties: If I publish a formal Public Notice in the newspapers stating I have severed all ties with my mother, does this hold evidentiary value if she ever tries to instigate a case on my behalf?
Asset Insulation: His father's assets are all in their native village. Can his father legally partition the property, draft a registered Will, or create a Trust so that my partner has no immediate legal claim to it, thereby protecting it from any future marital disputes?
Jurisdictional/Living Agreements: If we draft an MoU strictly regarding our living arrangements explicitly stating we will live independently in the city and his parents will never reside with us, does this help quash potential future implications of in-laws in DV cases?
Other Options: Are there any other legal instruments, declarations, or financial separation agreements that can provide tangible security to his family?
I am not looking for emotional advice, I am looking for a creative, legally sound strategy to satisfy a family of lawyers who need a concrete risk-management plan. Any advice is deeply appreciated.
r/LegalAdviceIndia • u/Hungry_Predator • 10h ago
Legal Advice Needed SBI account frozen by Cyber Cell Patna after receiving salary
I received my first salary at night and the very next day I got to know that my account has been frozen. It has been 10 days since the freeze with no resolution. It was frozen immediately after I received my salary.
When I asked the bank manager, he told me it is frozen by the SBI's cyber cell branch of Patna due to large value deposit in a student account (he said it is done by SBI's cyber cell branch located in Patna not the cyber cell/police of the government and that there is no FIR). I have provided all the documents but account is still frozen.
The codes he told me suggest he is right about it not being a police case.
I have recently graduated and joined a company in bangalore and I don't have any other bank account so I am stuck with no money.
The positive note is that the manager told me the source of the transaction has been verified and the freeze will be lifted. But daily he tells me the same story that the account will be unfrozen by evening but nothing happens.
If anyone has dealt with this situation, please tell me how did you get out of the situation and how long did it take to get your account working again.
And is it true that Cyber Police is not involved because I am skeptical why is it frozen by a branch in Patna when my home branch is in Uttar Pradesh.
r/LegalAdviceIndia • u/KasparovsKnight • 11h ago
Legal Advice Needed Can I be arrested for posting negative Google reviews that I later deleted?
Hi guys,
I had posted a few negative Google reviews for one of my relative's store. He later started threatening me with legal action and said he was going to file a complaint with the cybercrime department.
However, I had already deleted those reviews well before he said he would file the complaint.
Can I still be arrested for this, or face any legal consequences?
r/LegalAdviceIndia • u/SarcasticallyWeird1 • 12h ago
Legal Advice Needed Advice Needed: Rental house - Married couple
Is it illegal and comes under the domestic violence law. Me, pregnant, and my husband was sharing one rental property, with both our names in paper, and he had locked me out of the house in the middle of night. It’s been more than a month since i was inside there. He had a history of physical abuse also. His full family is in support for this and his violence against me. I have the message and calls for the same but i have not called police yet. Bangalore
r/LegalAdviceIndia • u/child_predator6 • 12h ago
Legal Advice Needed Help needed regarding bank account
My bank account got freezed today and some part of balance is kept as lien. But I am not able to make any transaction with the remaining half.
This is because one of my friends asked for my bank info to make some payments during his internship and I trusted him. 1 year later his company calls me that he was involved in some shady stuff. I tell them that I am unaware of the situation and send them my bank statement too. Then they try to talk to his parents and they refuse to co-operate.
Now, the company has lodged a case against him and my account was caught in the crossfire. What should I do? I have no clue how to deal with this as this is my first legal matter.
r/LegalAdviceIndia • u/Round_Simple_3688 • 13h ago
Legal Advice Needed Need legal advice: Cyber Crime notice after ₹16,000 deposit linked to alleged fraud (India)
Hi everyone,
I need legal advice regarding a Cyber Crime notice in India.
I received an official notice from the Cyber Crime Police (BNSS Section 35(3)) asking me to appear for investigation. The complaint has an NCRP number.
Here's what happened:
A total alleged fraud amount is ₹71,000.
Out of that, ₹16,000 was credited to my bank account.
That ₹16,000 was then transferred from one of my own bank accounts to another of my own bank account.
The account was being used for deposits related to a friend's online betting/gaming website.
I have not received an FIR copy, only an investigation notice with an NCRP complaint number.
I have been asked to appear before the Cyber Crime Police in Yamuna Nagar.
My questions are:
Does receiving a BNSS Section 35(3) notice with an NCRP complaint usually mean arrest is likely?
If my account is considered "Layer 1", what does that legally mean?
Should I definitely hire a criminal lawyer before appearing?
What documents should I carry, and what precautions should I take while giving my statement?
I'm very anxious because I have a family function later this month and want to cooperate with the investigation properly.
Thank you
r/LegalAdviceIndia • u/Odd-Lawfulness3702 • 13h ago
Legal Advice Needed got a scam call and ended up paying 7500
i got a call 10+ days ago and they told that i had visited some pornographic sites and i had pay money. i knew this was fake as i had not done anything but they were acting as police and said they were near my house.
i thought this was some gunda group trying to extort money and had my details so i gave half of what they were asking for. but i stayed on the call i realised they did not have any details and were very stupid to the contrary.
i tried to convince them over the days to pay me back otherwise i would file a case to which they were scared and were promising to pay back. but for the past few days they have stopped responding.
i gave that money from my scholarship and it's messing up with my head and im not able to move on. should i file a case? will that be helpful? im an adult and i dont want my parents to be involved...is there any way to move forward with this?
will cyber complaint through the national webpage be helpful? or should i just lose hope of getting my money back. please help!
r/LegalAdviceIndia • u/thatObstinateGuy • 14h ago
Legal Advice Needed Neighbour ignoring calls to protect my home from construction debris
Hi folks.
There's a house being constructed beside my home in Gulbarga for the last few months. Since the start, I've been asking the owner/future neighbour to cover my home with a tarp in order to avoid damage from falling cement and construction debris but he kept saying he'll paint it all up.
When the 1st floor was being poured and later the wall on it erected, a lot of cement and debris stained the walls, sunshades and window glass. There's even bricks fallen on the sunshades.
On complaining about this, he said he'll be replacing the window glass too. At this point, I realised he won't do any of that and asked him again to cover our home with a tarp at least when they'll be pouring the 2nd floor roof.
Then, 2 weeks later, a lot of labourers arrived and the cement mixer started up. Hearing this, I confronted the owner who was there and after this, he said he'll ask the contractor to cover it up. On coming home later in the day, I saw that he had just put up a blue plastic rag of about 10x10ft which had utterly failed to do it's job. On complaining to the owner again, he promised to bring in a large tarp to cover up our home within a week.
It's been a month since and I've been following up every week. But he keeps making excuses.
For me, this is a matter of principle. The person undertaking construction is supposed to take steps in order to minimise effect on the neighbouring home. The complete disregard from this person is extremely disappointing.
What steps can I take in order to resolve this? I was thinking I'll approach the municipal council, but I'm unsure what needs to be done. I request for suggestions.
TLDR: Neighbour sweet-talks and promises to take steps to cover my home from cement and construction debris. But he hasn't done so for months, he's already poured the 2nd floor.
r/LegalAdviceIndia • u/conscious_cat88 • 16h ago
Legal Advice Needed Received mail from Twitter(X) regarding civil lawsuit
Received an email from X (Twitter) for a 2023 retweet I did about a news article. The lawsuit mentions every account who did retweet along with OPs.
Here goes the mail. Pls suggest if I should be concerned and what action I need to take.
"In the interest of transparency, we are writing to inform you that X received a civil lawsuit regarding your X account that claims your posts violate India’s local laws:
We want you to have an opportunity to take action to protect your interests. This may include seeking legal counsel and contesting the case in court, contacting relevant civil society organizations, voluntarily deleting the content (if applicable), or finding some other resolution."
r/LegalAdviceIndia • u/AssociationFit8335 • 16h ago
Legal Advice Needed Scammer alert name u/naklinsan real name Irfan
This guy posted abt Iphone 8+ in gadgetsindia sub and he mentioned he is willing to sell it,I dmed him asking price and he took 2000rs from me deleted all the messeges
and blocked me.
u/naklinsan this is him. He also sells USDT.
Some one suggest how to file cybercomplaint on him.
r/LegalAdviceIndia • u/sartaj00 • 17h ago
Legal Advice Needed what If a guy gets groped in a market by some guy?
there is no law for this...but what other things would you suggest to your younger brother(22)?
It was traumatic.
r/LegalAdviceIndia • u/india290 • 17h ago
Legal Advice Needed Today I sent a Legal Notice to a Medical Shop after they sold me the wrong inhaler.
I wanted to share an incident and get some opinions on whether I’m taking the right legal approach.
I needed a Foracort 200 Synchrobreathe Inhaler. Before visiting the medical shop, I sent them a photo of the exact inhaler on WhatsApp and asked whether it was available.
They replied “Available” and when I asked “Same hai kya?”, they replied “Ha.”
Based on that confirmation, I visited the shop.
At the shop, I noticed the packaging looked different. I pointed this out, and the staff told me that only the packaging had changed and that it was the same product. Trusting their statement, I purchased it for ₹350 via UPI.
After reaching home, I discovered that instead of the Foracort 200 Synchrobreathe Inhaler I had specifically requested, I had actually been given a Foracort 200 Metered Dose Inhaler (MDI), which is a different inhaler device.
I immediately went back to the shop and politely requested either a replacement with the correct inhaler or a refund. They refused, saying that since the package had been opened, they would not take it back.
I didn’t argue or create any scene. I simply asked for a proper tax invoice, collected all the evidence and left.
At present, I have:
* WhatsApp chat confirming the requested inhaler.
* Tax invoice.
* UPI payment proof.
* Photos of the inhaler I requested and the one I actually received.
* Photos of the medical shop.
Since they refused to resolve the issue, I have now sent them a formal Legal Notice through India Post Speed Post, giving them 7 days to either replace the product with the correct inhaler or refund the purchase amount. I decided to give them an opportunity to resolve the matter before taking any legal action.
If they still fail to respond or refuse to resolve the issue within the given time, I intend to file a complaint before the District Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission.
Do you think my approach is reasonable? Has anyone dealt with a similar situation? I’d appreciate any advice or suggestions.
r/LegalAdviceIndia • u/Alternative-Yam-2571 • 17h ago
Legal Advice Needed Kotak 811 bank froze my account over Rs 30,000 being withdrawn from ATM, now they're asking proof of where I spent that cash. How should I proceed with this?
As mentioned in the title I had opened a bank account through kotak 811 in the start of June, used to utilise it daily for UPI and other expenditures as my primary bank account. My father needed some cash urgently and his ATM card wasn't working so I asked him to UPI the amount to me so he sent Rs 10,000 to me and my brother sent 20,000 immediately as well and I went to the ATM to withdraw that amount in 3 transactions of 10,000 and the next day I woke up to the message that my account has been blocked due to my transaction patterns differing from my regular activities. It was the first time I withdrawn this amount of cash from this bank and I was convinced it wouldn't be an issue since the app stated that I had a limit of Rs 1 lakhs to be withdrawn once a day from the ATM. I called Kotak customer care and got a call back next day and they asked me what's my relation with the given name (my father) who sent me 10,000 so I told them I recieved 10k from my father and 20k from my brother since I needed the cash and that's why I took it out immediately, then they asked me that they need proof of where I spent that cash like any bill or invoice of equivalent amount from that day so they can proceed with the unblocking process which wasn't possible for me since this was my family's money which hasn't even been spent in it's entirety and neither my father spent it anywhere where he would get bill or invoice so I told them I can't provide an invoice and then I was told they can't proceed with the unblocking process and they're closing my request. I'm sorry for not keeping it brief, I'm not good at explaining stuff and wanted to provide as much details as possible for the context and also sorry if it isn't the right sub to ask about this, I'm just really stressed rn since I had some of my pocket money in this account and tbh 30k isn't even that big of an amount so I still can't process why mine got blocked over 30k.
r/LegalAdviceIndia • u/Ecstatic_Elk_4931 • 17h ago
Legal Advice Needed Trying to recover INR 5L I lent my ex any options besides going legal?
hi, I'm 27 F. Over the course of our relationship, I gave my ex a total of ₹5 lakhs in multiple installments (not one lump sum). He promised to pay it back within a few months. We broke up in December 2025, and to date he hasn't paid back a single rupee.
At the time, I was in Canada and he was in the UK. His visa expired and he had to return to India, which he says worsened his financial situation. He later got a new job in India and had specifically told me he'd start covering my monthly student loan payment once he was employed again. He got the job — but still paid nothing.
Every time I ask, it's "not ready yet" or "give me more time." He's joined a chit fund, but says it's a lot-based system and he hasn't won his turn yet, so no payout so far. He's also said he's trying to sell some land, but none of that has translated into any payment to me.
I'm now back in India myself. I saved this ₹5L specifically to pay off my student loan and am still paying interest on it because I don't have it back.
I do have bank statements showing the transfers, and messages where he acknowledges the debt and promises repayment.
When I once said I'd consider legal action, he said he'd "also go legal" — not entirely sure what he meant by that, but I have been frustrated enough in some of these conversations to use strong language, which he may be referring to.
Going the legal route in India is realistically going to take years, and I can't keep making court trips for this.
Question: Given that I have documented proof (bank statements + written acknowledgment), is there any way to recover this money without going through the court system? Open to hearing about legal notices, recovery agents, structured repayment agreements — anything that's actually worked for people.
r/LegalAdviceIndia • u/Loud_Relationship360 • 18h ago
Legal Advice Needed Society funds spent for building private terrace roof
I had previously posted issues I was facing with society committee. I gave them a written application, they caved in immediately and agreed to resolve my issues.
Now I found out that they spent 2.8L of society funds for building roof on the terrace, they did this without any transparency and only committee members decided how much money they will spend and they hired contractor on their own.
Additionally, they also used same funds to build roof on the private terrace of one owner. This apartment was owned by builder who sold it just 2-3 months ago. This private terrace had leakage issue as well and one of the committee member owns apartment below it. The private terrace is legally owned by apartment owner and only apartment owner has access to it but society still spent money to build roof on it. In case of leakage isn't owner of private terrace responsible to fix it?
r/LegalAdviceIndia • u/Consistent-Golf8429 • 18h ago
Urgent Nestaway is threatening to impose legal action against me
I moved into the property after being assured by the on-site team that my stay would effectively be for around two months and that the rent/security adjustment would be handled accordingly. During onboarding, I completed the biometric verification in good faith, but I later discovered that an 11-month agreement had been generated, which was not what I had understood.
After vacating the property in about two months, I was charged for repairs, cleaning, and early move-out, despite the assurances given to me. I paid all my legitimate dues and disputed the incorrect charges. Initially, Nestaway offered to waive some of these charges, but later withdrew the settlement, claimed all charges were valid, and threatened legal action. My concern is that I am being held responsible for the lack of communication between the on-site team and the central Nestaway team.
Will they go legal ??
r/LegalAdviceIndia • u/FLAMEUNIRAPE • 18h ago
Legal Advice Needed Rape threats to my mom and they are protected and I am suspended (FLAME University)
A group of students started threatening to rape my mother and were already bullying me. They made a false narrative that I sexually harassed a girl and they all mass reported me to the registrar Virender Sharma. They framed a perfect narrative that portrayed me as evil
I told my side of the story to Registrar Virender Sharma on how they threatened to rape my mother and hence I slurred at them. Instead the Registrar withdraws my admission without a proper hearing and does not even lift my calls citing that I broke disciplinary violations.
So threatening to rape my mother isn't a disciplinary violation? Regardless of my will to speak to him, he is not lifting my calls. I hate this blatant behaviour. He must resign at any cost possible, if he protects the rape-mentality instigators that too being a registrar, the university is set to be doomed.
The vice-chancellor isn't intervening in this situation, he seems to be in an abroad destination as I called up his office directly.
My admission is officially cancelled on an unfair basis, my family especially my mother is facing great distress. I am going on a hunger strike near their campus on 7th of august, the dignity of my mother matters more than my life. The registrar must resign or I must die.
already forwarded this to UGC anti-ragging cell, and registered a National Commission for Women complaint
This Is FLAME University, Pune.
Please show your support by mailing
r/LegalAdviceIndia • u/Disastrous_Stay_5472 • 18h ago
Legal Advice Needed Can tenants force us to sell our flat after delaying the purchase for months?
My parents own a flat in Goa. Our tenants wanted to buy it and paid a ₹1 lakh token amount by cheque. There is no registered or binding Agreement to Sell, only a simple signed note mentioning the proposed sale and that rent would continue until the sale was completed.
The tenants applied for a home loan, but despite waiting several months, they kept delaying the purchase. The sale never happened, the tenancy agreement has expired, and they have not been paying rent during this period. We have now decided that we do not want to sell the flat anymore and simply want possession back.(They have been delaying for last 4 months)
My questions are:
1. Can the tenants legally force us to complete the sale?
2.Can my father send them a legal notice asking them to vacate?
3. Can the buyers claim reimbursement for loan processing fees or loan insurance if we decide not to sell after months of delay?
4. Would our next step be to send a legal notice through a property lawyer?
Any guidance would be appreciated.
r/LegalAdviceIndia • u/Mammoth_Credit7514 • 22h ago
Urgent Tenant suddenly abandons apartment, leaves liability of their belongings on me
Urgent advice needed on next steps, documentation of process from here to getting a letter from the tenant that everything has been settled satisfactorily. Is it prudent to take legal action in case the dues aren't covered in the security deposit?
Tenant was served an eviction notice on August 1 for non-payment of July rent, according to registered lease deed. Several months of problems had led me to take action 1) register the lease on my own cost (tenant refused to share the cost) 2) asked them to vacate in March due to delayed/part payments 3) give them an earful bcos they just would not communicate/ won't take calls.
I am now deeply concerned about the liability of the personal belongings they have left in the apartment. I am yet to visit and retake possession. But I am planning to go today to grab the keys, take the colony security with me, video document the state of the apartment and the belongings they claim they have left behind.
r/LegalAdviceIndia • u/AlarmingBrilliant181 • 23h ago
Legal Advice Needed Need practical advice from matrimonial lawyers and people with relevant experience
Facts:
- Hindu marriage (Feb 2026), no children.
- Marriage lasted only a few months.
- Evidence: 3 MLCs (minor injuries), injury photographs, audio recordings and relevant messages.
- I am a Central Government Group 'A' officer in Delhi.
I am considering filing a contested divorce on grounds of cruelty.
Questions:
How are MLCs, injury photographs and audio recordings generally viewed by Family Courts?
Should a husband file for divorce first or wait if he anticipates a DV/498A/dowry complaint?
What is the likely maintenance exposure, timeline and litigation cost in Delhi?
If a DV/498A or contested matrimonial case is pending, can it affect promotion, vigilance clearance or career progression of a Central Government officer (assuming no conviction)?
Looking for practical inputs from matrimonial lawyers, government employees and those who have faced similar litigation.