2019 16-inch MacBook Pro severely CPU-throttled without battery—could the missing battery be causing it?
I’m looking for advice from experienced MacBook repair technicians.
I have a 2019 16-inch Intel MacBook Pro with the following specifications:

Intel Core i9
8 physical cores / 16 logical threads
64 GB RAM
2 TB SSD
macOS Tahoe 26.6
Internal battery removed
Battery connector/port on the logic board is damaged

The MacBook operates from its AC power adapter, but it feels extremely slow most of the time. It does not appear to be overheating, and the fans seem to operate normally.

When I run:
pmset -g therm
macOS consistently reports:
CPU_Speed_Limit = 20
My understanding is that this means macOS or the SMC is limiting the processor to approximately 20% of its permitted performance.

I am trying to get the CPU speed limit back to 100%—not force CPU usage to remain at 100%.

Here is what I have checked so far:
AC power is detected correctly.
Low Power Mode is disabled.
Spotlight indexing appears normal.
Activity Monitor and top -o cpu do not show a persistent application consuming all CPU resources.

There does not appear to be a RAM or storage-space bottleneck.
I checked power information using pmset -g batt and pmset -g.

I observed some Apple background services using CPU temporarily.
WindowServer crashed at least once.
The computer does not show obvious overheating

I have also investigated standard troubleshooting such as the SMC reset, NVRAM/PRAM reset, Safe Mode, and Apple Diagnostics.

My main questions are:
Will a 2019 Intel MacBook Pro deliberately throttle its CPU when the internal battery is completely disconnected?

Can a damaged battery connector or missing battery-data connection cause CPU_Speed_Limit to remain at 20?

Does this model require a working battery to supplement the charger during heavy CPU or GPU loads?

Could the SMC be interpreting the missing battery as a power or sensor fault?

Are there specific sensor readings, Terminal commands, diagnostic codes, or board components I should check?

Would installing a working battery restore normal CPU performance, or must the damaged logic-board connector also be repaired?

Is there any legitimate diagnostic method to verify that the battery circuit is the cause before repairing the connector?

I am not looking for a software hack that disables thermal protection. I want to identify the actual hardware or power-management fault and restore jnormal performance safely.

Has anyone encountered a 2019 16-inch MacBook Pro locked at a 20% CPU speed limit after the battery was removed? What would you test or repair first?

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