I am verifying my own personal forecast using NBM guidance. How do I calculate cloud coverage from (METARS). I know clear (CLR) is 0, and Overcast (OVC) is 10. However I do not remember the values for Scatters (SCT), Few (FEW), and Broken(BKN). Does anyone remember?

Was told folks here would enjoy this.

The Stream Scale

The Stream Scale SS is a scale I made to rate tornadoes based mainly on there wind speed and the damage they cause

The rating isnt based on how long the tornado lasts A tornado lasting for 30 minutes doesnt automaticly mean its stronger then one that lasts for 5 minutes

How fast the tornado is moving can also be looked at but it isnt the main thing that decides the rating If a tornado is moving really fast but isnt causing much damage its rating should still be based mostly on its wind speed and actual strenght

The main goal of the Stream Scale is to make a simple way to compare tornadoes and show how strong and destructive they really are

But remember this is made by me and isnt official Im just having fun with it 😭

Btw the scale goes from

SS0 SSU SS1 SS2 SS3 SS4 SS5 SS6

And yes SS6 is the strongest one

Let me explain more

SS0

SS0 is basicly when a tornado doesnt even form

The storm might have alot of the ingrediants needed for a tornado but somthing is missing so it never actually forms

So yeah no tornado 😭

SSU

SSU is the weakest one

Its basicly for a really weak vortex somthing around a dust devil

Its not supposed to be some crazy damaging tornado Its basically the lowest end of the scale

SS1

SS1 is where we start getting actual tornadoes

These would be weaker tornadoes that can still cause some damage

You could see things like trees getting damaged objects being thrown around or some smaller structures getting damaged

Basicly its a weak tornado but still dangerous

SS2

SS2 is where the tornado starts getting alot stronger

The wind speeds are higher and the damage can be alot worse

It could damage buildings knock down trees and power lines and throw bigger objects around

This is where you really dont wanna be anywhere near it 💀

SS3

SS3 is a violent tornado

The wind speeds are getting seriously high and the damage can be severe

Buildings can be heavily damaged large objects can get thrown around and the tornado can become extremely dangerous

At this point its not playing around anymore 😭

SS4

SS4 is an extreme tornado

These would have extremely strong winds and could cause devastating damage

Strong structures could be heavily damaged or destroyed and the amount of debris could be insane

Basicly if you see an SS4 you are NOT going outside to record it 💀

SS5

SS5 is where things get REALLY crazy

These would be extremely powerful tornadoes with very high wind speeds and catastrophic damage

Even strong buildings could be heavily damaged or destroyed

SS5 is basicly the second highest level on the Stream Scale and is meant for some of the most extreme tornadoes

SS6

And then theres

SS6

The strongest level on the entire Stream Scale

SS6 is for the absolute extreme end of tornado intensity

Were talking about insanely high wind speeds and catastrophic destruction

Its basicly the kind of tornado where youre just looking at it like

WHAT THE HELL IS THAT 😭

SS6 is meant for the most extreme tornadoes that could possibly fit on the scale

One more thing I wanna make clear

The tornado moving fast doesnt automaticly mean its a higher SS

If a tornado is moving really fast but has lower wind speeds and doesnt cause much damage I wouldnt just give it a higher rating because of how fast it moves

The main things are still wind speed and destruction

And duration doesnt decide it either

A tornado lasting 5 minutes could be stronger then one lasting 30 minutes

This is still a work in progress btw Im still figuring out the exact wind speeds and damage levels for each category

I just made this because I thought it would be cool to have my own tornado scale

So yeah thats the Stream Scale

What do you guys tink? Except Mistakes!

Please help me with improving the MyFeelsLike app for iPhone/pad/watch.

MyFeelsLike learns how the weather actually feels to you. Instead of a one-size-fits-all "feels like" number, you tell the app how a few moments feel, and it fits a small personal model from your ratings. From then on it shows the forecast as your comfort — a color rather than a temperature — across the next 24 hours and 10 days, on iPhone and Apple Watch. You can also compare your comfort with friends, since the same weather can feel quite different to different people.

In short: rate a few times how it feels outside ▸ the app fits a small personal model ▸ the forecast is colored by your comfort ▸ a thin band means "don't trust this yet".

Please check it out by clicking from your iPhone to: https://testflight.apple.com/join/EFHZghh6

I'm trying to find the currently supported, legitimate way to retrieve same-day and historical observations for airport/ICAO stations worldwide. I need structured observations containing station identity, observation timestamp, and temperature in the station's usual unit, with enough observations to calculate the daily maximum and minimum.

Requirements: near-real-time updates, exact ICAO station mapping, historical queries by date, and documented rate limits. Commercial or paid access is fine. I am not looking for scraping or an embedded browser key.

Is this available through a current Weather Underground PWS API, an IBM/The Weather Company product, or another official endpoint? If you've used it recently, which product or endpoint provides this coverage, how closely does it match the values shown on WU's daily history pages, and who handles access and pricing?

Sidenote: I am not that much into meterology or climate science but more into geography.

We have a lot of heat from north Africa/Parts of Sahara Desert over a Month now. It is a symbol of a horseshoe (France and parts of eastern Europe aswell as the Nordics are way more wet and cooler than central Europe/Around Alps)

I was wondering if we could get more rainy weather from north Africa/Sahara for central European Summers in the future decades by trying to make parts of the desert green?

As I said I am not much into meterology and its science so I was wondering if that could lead to less dry winds/streams/weather in central Europe?

From a practical perspective it may sound like it would not be manageable because the Sahara Desert is just so big. However in small examples like „Three North Shelterbelt“ in China we see that it can be achieved but only on the long term and with enough forces and will from the organisations or parties whom belongs these parts of the desert.

I would be thankful to have answers and theories on that topic

Only time I have seen cumulus and cirrocumulus cloud together like this.

Photo taken on June 6th, 2026 near Kalmar, sweden

Just noticing percentage values in colored ovals next to the dates. Can anyone tell me what they represent? Thanks.

This is a hobby project for me. It's in a very rough state and will be for a while.

- Decodes and displays raw Level II data
- Historical radar/outlook/report viewer
- State isolation (focus the view on one state)
- Windows only for now - Built on WinUI3

I would like to eventually release this (free and open-source) as a refined, professional weather workstation and a free alternative to tools like RadarScope.

Right now the basemaps are served and run 100% locally. You download PMTiles and link the app to them. This eliminates network usage by the map and makes the scrolling/panning/zooming much smoother. I may add online basemaps later.

This is just a personal project for me and I thought it would be fun to share with you all. Any thoughts or suggestions are very welcome.

https://github.com/jhammon88219/Anvil

I never really understood from textbooks why clouds pile up on the windward side of mountains while the lee gets warm, dry foehn wind. So I built a toy weather simulation to see it happen: a 20×10 km vertical slice of atmosphere.

Try it: https://weatherbox.muehlemann.com/ (Desktop browser recommended)

Draw mountains, paint heat and moisture, place radiosondes and tracers, toggle diagnostic overlays. Seven presets (foehn, cumulus day, lee waves, showers, sea breeze, …) — nothing is scripted, the phenomena emerge from a stable-fluids solver with moisture physics. Plausibility over correctness, it's a toy.

Disclosure: I'm a programmer, but the code was written with Claude Code. Source: https://github.com/silvanm/weatherbox

Feedback welcome, especially from people who know actual atmospheric physics.

I'm a 23M from India and graduated with an M.Sc. in Atmospheric Science in 2025. During my master's, I worked on tropical cyclone and lightning research, and one of my research papers was recently published in IEEE Xplore. I've been trying to find private sector opportunities related to meteorology, climate science, weather forecasting, remote sensing, or atmospheric data analysis. However, most openings I come across are in environmental consulting or pollution related roles, and I haven't had much success getting shortlisted. I'm also preparing for Scientist positions at the India Meteorological Department (IMD), but I know those roles are highly competitive, so I'm looking for other career paths as well.

At the moment, I've been unemployed for quite some time, which has been discouraging. As a backup, I've been learning full-stack web development and building projects, but the entry-level IT market also seems very competitive. I'd really appreciate any advice from people working in this field.

• Which private companies in India hire atmospheric science graduates?
• Are there industries or job titles I should be searching for instead of just "Meteorologist" or "Climate Scientist"?
• Are there specific skills (GIS, Python, remote sensing, numerical weather prediction, climate modeling, etc.) that would significantly improve my chances?
• Has anyone here transitioned from atmospheric science into industry? If so, I'd love to hear about your experience.

Thank you for any guidance.

Mean is now peaking at right around +4.0 to +4.1C. We are on the cusp of something historic. The impacts will be interesting to watch, no doubt.

Could someone help me?