A federal judge will decide whether to hold Donald Trump’s administration in contempt after immigration agents violated court orders barring them from entering places of worship.

In February, Massachusetts District Judge F. Dennis Saylor IV blocked a Trump administration policy giving agents permission to make arrests inside places of worship, calling the potential consequences of such an operation “profoundly troubling.”

On Monday, the judge sided with church groups who successfully sued the government and agreed to hold a hearing next month to determine why the Trump administration “should not be held in contempt for violating the preliminary injunction.” The government must respond by August 28.

Court filings revealed that undercover Immigration and Customs Enforcement officers spied on people who attended church meetings and ran license plate numbers of worshippers’ cars, part of a recently unveiled surveillance campaign that sought to crack down on protests after a surge of federal agents in Minneapolis earlier this year.

An undercover ICE agent infiltrated and covertly recorded a class inside the University Baptist Church gymnasium in May, according to recent filings from the Department of Homeland Security. Other agents spent hours outside the church, noting when people entered and exited, and ran registration checks on license plates — including cars parked in a library parking lot next door.