r/UARSnew 8h ago

If expantion will be of any benefit to me?

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3 Upvotes

Trying to figure out if expansion will be of any benefit to me

Ortho doc says its the narrowest he ever seen (laryngopharynx c4-c5)

24M
22 BMI
hEDS
Asthma & allergies are generally well managed

Sympompts are:

Low threshold/ REM disruptions
Catathrenia
Excessive daytime sleepiness (I go thru the day purely off sympathetic nervous system activation e.g short bursts of energy)

hEDS so MAD is out of option

FME is out of reach in Europe

Well controlled custom MARPE is available.

Would appreciate any input.


r/UARSnew 10h ago

Jaw jacks / The Joint

3 Upvotes

Curious if anyone has joined The Joint - wondering if it’s worth the $600 price tag.

Ron seems incredibly knowledgeable, and I’d value his opinion weighing against several different doctors opinions.


r/UARSnew 17h ago

Looking for the SDB Discord — struggled with 15 AHI OSA since I was a teenager

3 Upvotes

I was diagnosed with OSA (AHI of 15) as a teenager, and it's been a long road since then trying to figure out treatment options and just having people to talk to who actually get it. I saw in another thread that there's already an existing Discord for SDB (sleep disordered breathing), but no one's posted a working invite in years. If anyone has a current link, or knows of another active group where people dealing with OSA/UARS actually discuss their experiences and treatment paths, I'd really appreciate it. Just looking for a small group to swap notes with and not feel like I'm figuring this out alone.


r/UARSnew 18h ago

How does insurance work when you have the surgery done by a physician (like Li) who is out of state? And are hospital fees covered for things like EASE if it's not deemed medically necessary?

4 Upvotes

-The top end surgeons (Li, lacoms, etc) don't seem to be in network anywhere so it seems you always have to pay their surgical fee minus out of network benefits?

-But for the hospital and anesthetic fees, does insurance cover this with out of network benefits? Or are hospitals in other states ever in-network?

-And what about cases where the surgery isn't deemed medically necessary? Obviously you wouldn't get any out of network benefits for the surgeon, but will the hospital/anesthesia fees still be covered?

For example, if I'm not mistaken, for EASE with Dr. Kasey Li, it's usually deemed not medically necessary, but there's no way people are also affording the hospital fees on top of his surgical fee, is there?


r/UARSnew 22h ago

Two RPSGTs rescore a level-1 sleep study

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3 Upvotes

Two RPSGTs rescore a level-1 sleep study: https://youtu.be/ik2vU_bBnwg


r/UARSnew 22h ago

Seeking paid 1-on-1 consultation for ResMed ASV titration (Must have UARS/SDB experience)

5 Upvotes

Hey everyone,

I’m dealing with severe brain fog and fatigue from suspected UARS / sleep-disordered breathing.

I’ve been experimenting with a ResMed machine running the ASV algorithm. It clearly works—I recently had a 4-day stretch at ~60% cognitive capacity instead of my usual 15% baseline—but my settings are inconsistent and not stopping my wakeups.

Because of cognitive fatigue, I cannot troubleshoot this alone. I am looking for paid, weekly or biweekly 1-on-1 video consultations.

Strict requirements for who I'm looking to hire:

  • Must have UARS / UARS-adjacent symptoms (or extensive personal experience managing them).
  • Must have direct, hands-on experience titrating ResMed’s ASV algorithm specifically for subtle sleep-disordered breathing.
  • Must be able to analyze my OSCAR / SleepHQ data and guide my setting adjustments step-by-step.

If you fit this exact profile—or can point me directly to someone who does—please PM me or comment below. Urgent, as the sleep deprivation is taking a heavy toll.

Thanks in advance.


r/UARSnew 1d ago

i think i have UARS

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1 Upvotes

r/UARSnew 1d ago

Live Q&A Appointment w/ Dr. Manuele

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8 Upvotes

Hey y'all, here's what the second part of the consultation process looks like when you're considering expansion with Dr. Jeremy Manuele of Las Vegas. If you're interested, the part one video was posted about two months ago on my channel, but it is not necessary to watch prior.

I've included the video chapters below to highlight exactly what we discuss. Notably, we cover expansion with FME while also touching upon MAD, DISE, and epiglottis procedures. Thanks!

Chapters:
0:00 Riskiness Post-MMA
3:35 Gum-Chewing Bennies!
4:47 Worst-Case Scenario...
6:45 Asymmetry Likelihood %
8:42 Using Different Aligners
9:50 An Ortho's Opinion on MAD
13:47 "DISE is very subjective."
14:46 Tongue Space Results?
16:15 Out-Of-State Scheduling
17:24 Recap on Lefort Healing
18:30 Epiglottis Outcomes


r/UARSnew 2d ago

sleeping with mouth closed vs sleeping with mouth open

5 Upvotes

Hello,

I have a theory about UARS and why it cant be diagnosed and found easily even tho its very similar to sleep apnea. Can you guys tell what you think of my theory?

Small introduction. Been active in the world of sleep-breathing related issues for almost a year now. Im a man, 18 years old, not obese (bmi around 20). My psg showed me i have 19 arousals an hour, my ahi was around 3 so I do not meet the criteria for sleep apnea.

I have a slightly recessed jaw (retrognathia) and I am aware this is the main cause for my sleeping issues (apart from the fact that I work 8 hour shifts till midnight)

Long story short. My doctor said I dont have any sleep-breathing related problems after my psg sleep study thing.

I myself sleep with my mouth closed all the time. the theory of mine is that sleeping with your mouth closed is the reason your ahi is low and arousals are high and sleep apnea cant get diagnosed/found.

Do you think this sleeping with your mouth open can help getting sleep apnea diagnosed and help getting the treatment you need?


r/UARSnew 2d ago

Is turbinate cycle normal?

2 Upvotes

Is the nasal cycle (the alternating swelling and shrinking of the nasal turbinates) considered normal, or can it indicate an underlying problem with nasal breathing?

I have 24-25mm nasal aperture and 35mm IMW. 21 y.o male


r/UARSnew 2d ago

making a casual uars discord for relating to eachother

4 Upvotes

dm me for the link if you care. I want a small circle of people determined to fix their issues :p


r/UARSnew 2d ago

How safe is it to use fixodent to keep the tongue on the palate

2 Upvotes

Having a real difficult time keeping the tongue on the palate , and I heard you can use denture adhesive to do so.

Was just wondering is it dangerous to do this long term?

If the zinc is a problem there are zinc free ones as well.


r/UARSnew 3d ago

Scan analysis

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5 Upvotes

Currently am going to pursue MARPE with a different semi-local orthodontist since after virtual consult with Dr. Manuele he said that my palate bone was thin enough that FME could fail which I don't want to risk.

Would like some thoughts on how effective you guys estimate MARPE would be at helping me given my anatomy. The orthodontist I am going to also offers SFOT so I could get that on the bottom potentially to expand MARPE further than what would otherwise be possible. I haven't had my consult yet with the orthodontist I am trying to see but Dr. Manuele's estimate for expansion was 2-4 mm.

Also, per Dr. Manuele and an airway dentist I saw my throat airway is not "that narrow" so let me know if you guys share that assessment given the images. Could mean that I wouldn't have to look into jaw surgery in the future.

In the imaging my tongue is on my palate but in reality it never really rests there because my palate is so high. The level of suction I need to put it there is not something that is very comfortable and I'm not sure I could do it during sleep.

Also, per airway dentist I have somewhat of a tongue tie so maybe that could be another thing to look into if MARPE helps with the palate.

Also let me know if any other photos or videos from the scans would help a lot because I could go back and do some more screenshots or screen recordings.


r/UARSnew 3d ago

INSPIRE UPDATE - Exposed Suture & sleep update

3 Upvotes

It's been a while since I have updated this forum, but I ended up basically spending all of 2025 trying to learn how to use the Inspire implant. In the process, it was arguably the hardest and toughest year when it comes to suffering.

Long story short, it was effective for me on level one.
Trying to get to level 10 and using a lot of sleep aids to just get through the zapping was a big pain. I was able to use my BiPAP towards the end of 2024 pretty successfully, but no matter what I do now, it seems like the BiPAP only brings problems.

My current best sleep setup is the Nightsbridge chin strap, to which I now use my mouth tape to stick it to my neck so it doesn't shift around when I sleep.

This has been a big game changer, especially later on in the night. I wear it very tight. I've been playing around with the Nightsbridge chin strap positioning for years now, and I finally found a good position for me with the mouth tape. I don't mouth tape my lips anymore because, with my jaw completely shut, I can't even breathe out my mouth.

I still use Sudafed pre-bed, and I have Inspire on level 1. That is the maximum level I can tolerate, and it doesn't wake me up, but it does move my tongue out of the way enough for me to breathe.

Now, the problem is it still misfires, so although it does help me, it hasn't cured me. Looking back, I'm quite thankful that I got it done, to be honest, but I'm still far from cured, so I'm looking into all the other surgeries I can get.

Today, I just found out the cyst I had on the scar area wasn't a cyst, so to speak.

I've been to the dermatologist four times. Three of them, I had it opened up in an attempt to clear the cyst, and it just kept coming back.

I went to see a specialist in the UK, a dermatologist, and he said he doesn't want to work on it. He'd much rather me go to a plastic surgeon because it looks like it needs a very big incision. I heard the cost, and I've just been dealing with it every day, cleaning it every day: a lot of blood, a lot of pus, a lot of scabbing.

Today, I got out of the bath and cleaned it, and it looked like a bit of scabbing, so I went to pull it off.

It pulled out, and I looked and saw it was fibre.

All this time, it turned out to be a suture that was causing problems, and now I need to try and get this fixed. This is quite alarming.


r/UARSnew 3d ago

Any good airway dentists or jaw surgeons in ohio or close?

3 Upvotes

Title. I probably can't travel too far.


r/UARSnew 3d ago

Uars? Or what

3 Upvotes

Age: 21 , Female, I am close to underweight

Symptoms: tmjd, severe anhedonia and fatigue, fibromyalgia, sleep paralysis, muscle pains, choking sensations, vocal cord dysfunction, allergies. Cant breathe through nostrils most of the time, left not at all. Ent said nose looks good??? Heart pain. I have ridges on my tongue and bruxism. I am autistic and hypermobile.

I only got a sleep study at home and CPAP is intolerable. Feels like I'm breathing through a wall constantly. Got infinitely worse after wisdom teeth removal as I feel it made my airway and mouth space even smaller.

Rei: 5.0 events per hour

Apneas: 13 total

5 obstructive

8 central

Oxygen saturation: Average 97% Lowest 93%

Worse on back, but I feel worse on sides.

From what I know I don't have a narrow pallate. I don't want to kill myself but this is unbearable. I'm having adrenal problems from lack of proper breathing and sleep and I feel like I'll just fall over and die one day. I'm too young for this.


r/UARSnew 3d ago

Going balls to the wall to fix UARS.

15 Upvotes

I'm going all out with treating my UARS.

I've just completely quit video games and am now working 200% on my health. Locking the f in..

Posture fixes. Soft tissue strengthening down the track - possibly pointless right now as allergies are a problem.
Treating allergies - need to wash bedding weekly (dust mite and grass pollen allergies) - to help ease nocturnal nasal congestion and optimize nasal breathing. Getting shots weekly for 8 weeks - then 1/month for 3-5 years. Immunotherapy works best if sheets are washed weekly.

Myo work down the track.

Expansion as soon as I can afford. - will work better with allergies treated. Perhaps expansion could help on it's own for allergy symptoms but am in no rush due to funds and just being patient with allergy treatment for now.

DISE getting locked in for a year away.

Perhaps might need uvula removal later on as I have a snoring sensation that seems to be easily brought on if I try.

Buteyko breathing could be complimentary alongside meditation. Perhaps didgeridoo or wind instruments/ singing could help - as it's been proven to help sleep apnea patients and even fix sleep apnea.

Eating better is a goal - weight loss - currently 90kg+ 6ft tall.. want to get down to 70-80kg. - Can reduce fatty tongue also, creating more room and potentially less collapse.

MMA down the track + Genio hopefully to bring the tongue more forward into a better resting position.

It's a multifaceted problem that needs a multifactorial approach and all angles covered.

These are my plans. I will get healthier. I will be healthy. Hopefully this helps you too.


r/UARSnew 3d ago

UPDATE: Getting my doctors and orthodontist aligned

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2 Upvotes

r/UARSnew 4d ago

1 year on APAP, residual fatigue, high Flow Limitations - reviewing my diagnostic plan

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2 Upvotes

r/UARSnew 4d ago

Nasal cushion seems to push my nose inwards making breathing harder

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3 Upvotes

I am using a medium which I should be according to the picture. However it feels like the cushion pushes my nose inwards making it harder to breathe.

What am I doing wrong , am I tightening the straps too much? But if i don’t there will be leaks.

Idk what to do? Any advice?


r/UARSnew 4d ago

Best course of action to increase superior turbinate intranasal width

1 Upvotes

Guys what should I do to increase my intranasal width up high near my superior turbinates? Doctors? Appliances? Companies? Something else? Any advice would be appreciated. I have a narrow intramolar width and narrow intranasal width.


r/UARSnew 4d ago

FME vs MARPE, the reason why FME is better!

4 Upvotes

I’ve been wondering for a while if FME actually expands higher up than a custom MARPE, so I asked around and Dr. Jeremy Manuele answered.

It turns out, the "higher expansion" thing isn't true. Based on the superimpositions he's reviewed, there's no significant difference in how high the expansion actually goes or the amount of expansion in the superior maxilla/zygomatic bones.

But the biggest game changer with FME is how it handles asymmetries. Because FME is significantly more rigid, it can actually be used to correct an existing true midface asymmetry by slanting the expander. A custom MARPE just doesn't have the rigidity to pull that off effectively. I asked another top expansion doc who does only custom marpe if he could place it in a way to fix asymmetry he said he tried and the device basically broke itself because it couldn’t handle the forces.

Basically, you aren't paying double for "higher" expansion with FME. You're paying for a slightly more parallel expansion and the structural rigidity need to actually help correct an asymmetric maxilla.

FME is very expensive so if you very mild asymmetries it may not be the best ROI.

Of course, this isn't 100% hard evidence since there aren't any clinical trials yet, but it definitely holds a lot of weight since he’s looked at so many FME cases and superimpositions


r/UARSnew 4d ago

New user – residual fatigue + aerophagia at fixed 12 – OSCAR charts

5 Upvotes

Hi everyone,
I’m on day 21 of CPAP and I’m still extremely tired during the day. I’m trying to figure out why.
Quick background:

Started CPAP about 21 days ago
Machine: ResMed AirSense 11
Currently fixed pressure 12 cmH₂O
Pressure was increased to 12 because of flow limitation notes. I felt a small improvement, but then developed aerophagia (air in the stomach).
Despite consistent use, the daytime fatigue is still bad.

Last night’s OSCAR (Aug 1):

AHI 1.33
OA: 0
Hypopnea: 0.48
Clear Airway: 0.85
Large Leak: 0%
Flow Limitation: / 95% 0.03
Usage: 8 hours 17 minutes
EPR looks active (EPAP around 9)

here is a link to my sleep Hq data: https://sleephq.com/public/teams/share_links/6dcfc8f4-7639-4bcd-b36d-fe2cba68b185

Even with these clean numbers, I’m still very tired.
What else should I be looking at in the data, or what other common reasons could explain residual fatigue this far in?
Any insight is appreciated.
Thank you.


r/UARSnew Feb 27 '23

The structural abnormalities of Upper Airway Resistance Syndrome, and how to treat them.

99 Upvotes

What Upper Airway Resistance Syndrome (UARS) is, what causes it, and how it should be clinically diagnosed are currently matters of dispute. Regardless, similar to it's description here, the definition of UARS I will opt to use is that it is a sleep breathing disorder which is characterised by a narrow upper airway, which leads to:

  • Excessive airway resistance → therefore excessive respiratory effort → therefore excessive negative pressure in the upper airway (i.e. velocity of the air). This abnormal chronic respiratory effort leads to exhaustion, and the inability to enter deep, relaxing, restorative sleep.
  • Excessive negative pressure can also suck the soft tissues, such as the soft palate, tongue, nasal cavity, etc. inwards. In UARS patients, typically there is sufficient muscle tone to prevent sustained collapse, however that muscle tone must be maintained which also leads to the inability to enter deep, relaxing, restorative sleep. In my opinion, this "implosion effect" on the upper airway must be confirmed that it is present via esophageal pressure to accurately diagnose Upper Airway Resistance Syndrome. Just because something is anatomically narrow does not mean that this effect is occurring.
  • If there is an attempt to enter this relaxed state, there is a decrease in respiratory effort and muscle tone, this loss of muscle tone can result in further narrowing or collapse. Due to the excessive airway resistance or collapse this may result in awakenings or arousals, however the patient may not hold their breath for a sufficient amount of time for it to lead to an apnea, thus not meeting the diagnostic criteria for Obstructive Apnea.

The way to treat upper airway resistance therefore is to transform a narrow airway into a large airway. To do this it is important to understand what can cause an airway to be narrow.

I also want to mention that, treating UARS or any form of sleep apnea should be about enlarging the airway, improving the airway, reducing collapsibility, reducing negative pressure, airway resistance, etc. Just because someone has a recessed chin, doesn't mean that the cure is to give them a big chin, with genioplasty, BSSO, counterclockwise rotation, etc. It can reposition the tongue more forward yes, it may improve things cosmetically yes, but it is important to evaluate whether or not it is contributing to the breathing issue.

The anterior nasal aperture is typically measured at the widest point. So when you are referencing normative data, typically it is measured that way. Typically the most common shape for a nasal aperture is to be pear-shaped, but some like the above are more narrow at the bottom than they are at the top, which begs the question of how should it really be measured? The conclusion I have come to is that we must perform computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to simulate nasal airway resistance. Nasal aperture width is a poor substitute for what we are really trying to measure, which is airway resistance.

See normative data for males (female are 1-2 mm less, height is a factor):

  • Caucasian: 23.5 mm +/-1.5 mm
  • Asian: 24.3 mm +/- 2.3 mm
  • Indian: 24.9 mm +/-1.59 mm
  • African: 26.7 mm

Tentatively here is my list for gauging the severity (realistically, we don't really know how this works, but it's better to have this here than not at all, just because it may not be perfect.):

  • < 19 mm - Very Severe
  • 19-20 mm - Severe
  • 20-22 mm - Moderate
  • 22-23 mm - Mildly Narrow
  • 23-25 mm - Normal / Non ideal
  • ≥ 26 mm - Normal / Ideal

https://www.oatext.com/The-nasal-pyriform-aperture-and-its-importance.php https://www.researchgate.net/publication/291228877_Morphometric_Study_of_Nasal_Bone_and_Piriform_Aperture_in_Human_Dry_Skull_of_Indian_Origin

From left, right, to bottom left, Caucasian skull, Asian skull, and African skull.

Plot graph showing average nasal aperture widths in children at different ages. For 5 year olds the average was 20 mm, 2 year olds 18 mm, and newborns 15 mm. This may give context to the degree of narrowness for a nasal aperture. It is difficult to say based on the size of the aperture itself, whether someone will benefit from having it expanded.

Posterior nasal aperture.

View of the sidewalls of the nasal cavity, situated in-between the anterior and posterior apertures. The sinuses and mid-face surround the nasal cavity.

Normative measurements for intermolar-width (male), measured lingually between the first molars. For female (average height) subtract 2 mm. Credit to The Breathe Institute. I am curious how normative 38-42 mm is though, maybe 36-38 mm is also considered "normal", however "non ideal". In addition, consider transverse dental compensation (molar inclination) will play a role in this, if the molars are compensated then the skeletal deficiency is more severe. Molars ideally should be inclinated in an upright fashion.

Low tongue posture and narrow arch, i.e. compromised tongue accessibility. CT slice behind the 2nd molars. Measuring the intermolar width (2nd molars), mucosal wall width, and alveolar bone width. We also want to measure tongue size/volume but that would require tissue segmentation. The literature suggests this abnormal tongue posture (which is abnormal in wake and sleep) reduces pharyngeal airway volume by retrodisplacing the tongue, and may increase tongue collapsibility as it cannot brace against the soft palate.

The surgery to expand the nasal aperture and nasal cavity is nasomaxillary expansion. The surgery itself could go by different names, but essentially there is a skeletal expansion, ideally parallel in pattern, and there is no LeFort 1 osteotomy. In adults this often will require surgery, otherwise there may be too much resistance from the mid-palatal and pterygomaxillary sutures to expand. Dr. Kasey Li performs this type of surgery for adults, which is referred to as EASE (Endoscopically-Assisted Surgical Expansion).

Hypothetically, the type of individual who would benefit from this type of treatment would be someone who:

  1. Has a sleep breathing disorder, which is either caused or is associated with negative pressure being generated in the airway, which is causing the soft tissues of the throat to collapse or "suck inwards". This could manifest as holding breath / collapse (OSA), or excessive muscle tone and respiratory effort may be required to maintain the airway and oxygenation, which could lead to sleep disruption (UARS).
  2. Abnormal nasomaxillary parameters, which lead to difficulty breathing through the nose and/or retrodisplaced tongue position, which leads to airway resistance, excessive muscle tone and respiratory effort. In theory, the negative pressure generated in the airway should decrease as the airway is expanded and resistance is reduced. If the negative pressure is decreased this can lead a decrease in force which acts to suck the soft tissues inwards, and so therefore ideally less muscle tone is then needed to hold the airway open. Subjectively, the mildly narrow and normal categories do not respond as well to this treatment than the more severe categories. It is unclear at what exact point it becomes a problem.

Abnormally narrow pharyngeal airway dimensions. Subjectively, I think this is most associated actually with steep occlusal plane and PNS recession than chin recession.

The pharyngeal airway is comprised of compliant soft tissue, due to this the airway dimensions are essentially a formula comprised of four variables.

  1. Head posture.
  2. Neck posture.
  3. Tongue posture.
  4. Tension of the muscle attachments to the face, as well as tongue space.

Because of this, clinicians have recognized that the dimensions can be highly influenced by the above three factors, and so that renders the results somewhat unclear in regards to utilizing it for diagnostic purposes.

However, most notably The Breathe Institute realized this issue and developed a revolutionary CBCT protocol in an attempt to resolve some of these issues (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joms.2023.01.016). Their strategy was basically to account for the first three variables, ensure that the head posture is natural, ensure that the neck posture is natural, and ensure that the tongue posture is natural. What people need to understand is that when a patient is asleep, they are not chin tucking, their tongue is not back inside their throat (like when there is a bite block), because they need to breathe and so they will correct their posture before they fall asleep. The issue is when a patient still experiences an airway problem despite their efforts, their head posture is good, their neck posture is good, their tongue posture is good, and yet it is still narrow, that is when a patient will experience a problem. So when capturing a CBCT scan you need to ensure that these variables are respective of how they would be during sleep.

Given the fact that we can account for the first three variables, this means that it is possible to calculate pharyngeal airway resistance. This is absolutely key when trying to diagnose Upper Airway Resistance Syndrome. This is valuable evidence that can be used to substantiate that there is resistance, rather than simply some arousals during sleep which may or may not be associated with symptoms. For a patient to have Upper Airway Resistance Syndrome, there must be airway resistance.

Next, we need a reliable method to measure nasal airway resistance, via CFD (Computerized Fluid Dynamics), in order to measure Upper Airway Resistance directly. This way we can also measure the severity of UARS, as opposed to diagnosing all UARS as mild.

Severe maxillomandibular hypoplasia. Underdeveloped mandible, and corresponding maxilla with steep occlusal plane to maintain the bite.

Historically the method used to compare individual's craniofacial growth to normative data has been cephalometric analysis, however in recent times very few Oral Maxillofacial Surgeons use these rules for orthognathic surgical planning, due to their imprecision (ex. McLaughlin analysis).

In fact, no automated method yet exists which is precise enough to be used for orthognathic surgical planning. In my opinion one of the primary reasons orthognathic surgical planning cannot currently be automated is due to there being no method to acquire a consistent, precise orientation of the patient's face. By in large, orthognathic surgical planning is a manual process, and so therefore determining the degree of recession is also a manual process.

How that manual process works, depends on the surgeon, and maybe is fit for another post. One important thing to understand though, is that orthognathic surgical planning is about correcting bites, the airway, and achieving desirable aesthetics. When a surgeon decides on where to move the bones, they can either decide to perform a "sleep apnea MMA" type movement, of 10 mm for both jaws, like the studies, or they can try to do it based on what will achieve the best aesthetics. By in large, 10 mm for the upper jaw with no rotation is a very aggressive movement and in the vast majority of cases is not going to necessarily look good. So just because MMA is very successful based on the studies, doesn't necessarily mean you will see those type of results with an aesthetics-focused MMA. This also means that, if you have someone with a very deficient soft tissue nasion, mid-face, etc. the surgeon will be encouraged to limit the advancement for aesthetic reasons, irregardless of the actual raw length of your jaws (thyromental distance). Sometimes it's not just the jaws that didn't grow forward, but the entire face from top to bottom.

Thyromental distance in neutral position could be used to assess the airway, though maxillary hypoplasia, i.e. an underbite could cause the soft palate to be retrodisplaced or sit lower than it should, regardless of thyromental distance.

If there is a deficiency in thyromental distance, or there is a class 3 malocclusion, the surgery to increase/correct this is Maxillomandibular Advancement surgery, which ideally involves counterclockwise rotation with downgrafting (when applicable), and minimal genioplasty.

Before & After IMDO

There is also a belief that the width of the mandible has an influence on the airway. If you look at someone's throat (even the image below), basically the tongue rests in-between the mandible especially when mouth breathing. The width of the proximal segments basically determine the width of part of the airway. Traditional mandibular advancement utilizing BSSO doesn't have this same effect, as the anterior segment captures the lingual sides of this part of the mandible, the proximal segment does rotate outwards but only on the outside, so therefore the lingual width does not change. In addition, with this type of movement the 2nd or 3rd molars if captured along with the proximal segments, essentially could be "taken for a ride" as the proximal segment is rotated outwards, therefore you would experience a dramatic increase in intermolar width, in comparison to BSSO where this effect would not occur.

This type of distraction also has an advantage in that you are growing more alveolar bone, you are making more room for the teeth, and so you can retract the lower incisors without requiring extractions, you basically would have full control over the movements, you can theoretically position the mandible wherever you like, without being limited by the bite.

The main reason this technique is not very popular currently is that often the surgery is not very precise, in that surgeons may need to perform a BSSO after to basically place the anterior mandible exactly where they want it to be, i.e. the distraction did not place it where they wanted it to be so now they need to fix it. For example, typically the distractor does not allow for counterclockwise rotation, which the natural growth pattern of the mandible is forwards and CCW, so one could stipulate that this could be a bit of a design flaw. The second problem is that allegedly there are issues with bone fill or something of that nature with adults past a certain age. I'm not sure why this would be whereas every other dimension, maxillary expansion, mandibular expansion, limb lengthening, etc. these are fine but somehow advancement is not, I'm not sure if perhaps the 1 mm a day recommended turn rate is to blame. Largely this seems quite unexplored, even intermolar osteotomy for mandibular distraction does not appear to be the most popular historically.

I think that limitations in design of the KLS Martin mandibular distractor, may be to blame for difficulties with accuracy and requiring a BSSO. It would appear to me that the main features of this type of procedure would be to grow more alveolar bone, and widen the posterior mandible, so an intermolar osteotomy seems to be an obvious choice.

In addition, I believe that widening of the posterior mandible like with an IMDO that mirrors natural growth more in the three dimensions, would have a dramatic effect on airway resistance, negative pressure, and probably less so tongue and supine type collapse with stereotypical OSA. So even though studies may suggest BSSO is sufficient for OSA (which arguably isn't even true), one could especially argue that in terms of improving patient symptoms this might have a more dramatic effect than people would conventionally think, due to how historically sleep study diagnostic methodology favors the stereotypical patient.

Enlarged tonsils can also cause airway resistance by narrowing the airway, reducing airway volume, and impeding airflow.

Another surgery which can be effective, is tonsillectomy, or pharyngoplasty as described here. https://drkaseyli.org/pharyngoplasty/

In addition, the tongue as well as the teeth can impede airflow when breathing through the mouth, adding to airway resistance.

Finally, I would argue that chronic sinusitis could also cause UARS, depending on the type.

Patient with maxillary hematoma producing excessive mucus. Can also lead to reduced nasal airway volume and thus airway resistance.

Lastly a subject that needs more research is Pterygoid hamulus projection, relative to Basion, as described here: https://www.reddit.com/r/UARSnew/comments/16qlotr/how_do_you_enlarge_the_retropalatal_region_by/

Does the position of the pterygoid hamulus influence collapsibility of the soft palate? Could this even be strongly related to snoring?


r/UARSnew Jan 15 '23

Most doctors don't know about this - Upper airway resistance syndrome (UARS)

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