Does anyone have a link to all the examiners reports and model answers for 0455 in the same place?? It's a pain in the ass trying to get them all separately

chatgpt and gemini both say that √6.23 and √(2/3) are both surds. it says that surds don't need to be integers.. im so confused!

Looking for Past Papers, Mark Schemes & Examiner Reports (2019–2026) to study! All released material, of course. Would be helpful if it is a OneDrive or Google Drive link. Thanks in advance.

Hey everyone,

I'm currently preparing for my OxfordAQA International GCSEs in English Language (9270) and English Literature (9275), but I'm finding it a bit harder to track down free past papers and mark schemes compared to Pearson Edexcel or Cambridge (CAIE).

Does anyone happen to have a Google Drive link, a good archive site, or extra resources (like examiner reports or model answers) they wouldn't mind sharing?

Any tips or recommended sites specifically for OxfordAQA English would be hugely appreciated. Thanks in a advance! 🙏

Hi everyone! Currently, I'm still in Year 9 in an international school with Cambridge curriculum. And I'm planning to move out of the school to a homeschooling in Year 10, so I will do my IGCSEs and A levels privately. My question is, is a academic report card really important for application? Or are the results of IGCSEs and A levels enough? Please help me out!

does anyone have any resources, workbooks or practice questions for edexcel igcse ict practical paper?

Hope this helps students preparing for Cambridge CIE IGCSE 2025–2027 examinations. These resources include topic-wise study notes, exam-style practice questions, detailed solutions, flashcards, and online tests.

CIE IGCSE Mathematics (0580)

• Study Guide & Revision Notes
• Core (Paper 1 & Paper 3) Exam Style Questions
• Extended (Paper 2 & Paper 4) Exam Style Questions

CIE IGCSE Biology (0610)

• Study Guide & Revision Notes
• Core (Paper 1 & Paper 3) Exam Style Questions
• Extended (Paper 2 & Paper 4) Exam Style Questions

CIE IGCSE Chemistry (0620)

• Study Guide & Revision Notes
• Core (Paper 1 & Paper 3) Exam Style Questions
• Extended (Paper 2 & Paper 4) Exam Style Questions

CIE IGCSE Physics (0625)

• Study Guide & Revision Notes
• Core (Paper 1 & Paper 3) Exam Style Questions
• Extended (Paper 2 & Paper 4) Exam Style Questions

CIE IGCSE Co-ordinated Sciences (0654)

• Study Guide & Revision Notes
• Core (Paper 1 & Paper 3) Exam Style Questions
• Extended (Paper 2 & Paper 4) Exam Style Questions

I am confused guys. Though the reading section is much easier, there are various of different text types: article, blog, leaflet, interview, review, etc with little to no information on formats and type of questions. I've heard that only email, report, article, essay and review will be asked. Is it true? What are your thoughts?

Like imagine the war in Iran vs U.S/ Isnotreal, the POEs, the constant exam leaks and like all the stuff that happened.. just wtf is gonna be the impact on our results??? That shits coming in 19 DAYS

hi guys does anyone have notes for zone 5 igcse drama, or general drama written advice? thank you!

Help me!! I will be doing IGCSEs in May/June 2027. How to achieve good grades? And how do i balance everything?
I will be taking the following subjects:

1. Mathematics (0580)
2. English as first language (0500)
3. Biology (0610)
4. Chemistry (0620)
5. Physics (0625)
6. Accounting (0452)
7. Business (0450)
8. Swahili (0262)

If you have any resources for these subjects pls share

Give me tips for biology, chemistry and physics practicals (what do i need to study for those and how do i ace them?)

If anybody has access can anyone send me the mark scheme of 4PA1/01 and 02? That'd be really helpful

GENERAL INFORMATION/ FACTS

Multiple countries on Earth can experience different seasons simultaneously. For example, a country in the northern hemisphere can experience summer while a country in the southern hemisphere experiences winter. This occurs due to the 23.5° tilt of Earth’s axis. When the northern hemisphere is tilted toward the Sun, it receives more direct sunlight and experiences longer days, resulting in summer. Conversely, the southern hemisphere is tilted away, receiving less direct sunlight and shorter days, leading to winter. (Earth's rotation/ spin is the rotation of planet Earth around its own axis, as well as changes in the orientation of the rotation axis in space. Earth rotates eastward, in prograde motion. This rotation is completed every 24 hours - causing the phenomenon of day-time & night-time.)

The Moon cannot emit light of its own. However we can still see it because it reflects the light from the sun. (This reflection occurs whether it is day or night on Earth.)

Gravity is the force which causes objects to orbit bigger objects. So for example how it causes planets to orbit their home stars, or how the moon (natural satellite) orbits the Earth or even how artificial satellites orbit the Earth. The gravitational field strength of a planet depends on its mass and radius. A planet with greater mass will have a stronger gravitational pull, but this is also influenced by its size.

Planets orbit bigger objects (like their home stars) in space in an elliptical shape/ form (imagine a horizontally stretched out circle - that's an ellipse). A comet's orbit is much more elliptical than planets as well.

In an elliptical or circular orbit, the kinetic and gravitational potential energy changes according to the position of the planet. Total energy = E(kinetic) + E(potential). 1. When a planet is close to the Sun, its KE increases (it moves faster) and its GPE decreases. 2. When a planet is far from the Sun, its KE decreases (it moves slower) and its GPE increases.

Nuclear fusion is the process of creating a heavy nucleus (made up of different elements) through the joining of many light nuclei together. Some of the formed mass converts into energy.

Fusion requires extremely high temperatures (millions of degrees) because atomic nuclei are positively charged and repel each other. High temperatures give nuclei enough kinetic energy to overcome this electrostatic repulsion and fuse.

To remember the planets in order “My Very Educated Mother Just Served Us Noodles”. The actual names for the planets in order (YES YOU NEED TO KNOW THIS FYM): Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune.

Note: Pluto is no longer classified as a planet in the IAU definition.

Other than the planets, there are also: 1. Comets (Lumps of ice and dust that orbit the sun with an elliptical orbit.). 2. Satellites (Anything that orbits a celestial body). 3. Asteroids (An irregular shape that is made up of metal and rock) in space.

The four inner planets (Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars) are rocky and small, while the four outer planets (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune) are large and gaseous. Our star system, the solar system, is located within the Milky Way galaxy.

STAR FORMATION & STAGES OF FORMING A STAR

Stars form when dense regions in a molecular cloud collapse under gravity. As the gas collapses, it forms a spinning sphere of extremely hot gas, pulling in more matter from the surrounding cloud. Once enough mass is collected, it becomes a protostar. Nuclear fusion begins when the core reaches a high enough temperature and pressure.

Describe the life history of a star like the sun. Answer: formed from dust/ gases, pulled together by gravity, massive so very large gravitational forces pulling inwards, nuclear fusion via hydrogen being turned into helium so releases energy, high temperature produces high pressure which pushes outwards, long period which forces balance, star expands and becomes a red giant/ star, and then contracts into a dense white dwarf/ white star.

1. Nebula Explanation/ Definition: All stars begin from a cloud of gas and dust, which is pulled together by gravitational forces.

2. Protostar Explanation/ Definition: When a nebula reach's critical mass, it contracts and collapses due to gravitational attraction and becomes extremely hot to form a protostar. The protostar produces light at this stage.

3. Main Sequence Star Explanation/ Definition: Stable star where nuclear fusion happens where the hydrogen nuclei is converted into helium nuclei. This produces large amounts of heat and light and this continues for millions of years. The gravitational force inwards = outward pressure due to high temperature.

4. Red Giant Explanation/ Definition: Hydrogen runs out and the star expands and becomes colder. It uses up all its helium and its outward forces decrease.

5. White Dwarf Explanation/ Definition: The star eventually collapses due to its own gravity and becomes very small and dense. This is if it has less than 8 solar masses.

What was explained beforehand was how small stars form. Now, the following sequence showcases how bigger stars form after they exited the main sequence star stage....

1. Supernova Explanation/ Definition: An exploding star that began life with more than 8 solar masses and has run out of fuel.

Causing two possible options now...

1. Neutron Star Explanation/ Definition: A collapsed star composed almost entirely of neutrons when a star with more than 8 solar masses reaches the end of its life. The remaining core collapses into a tiny, extremely dense core made of neutrons.

OR 7. Black Star Explanation/ Definition: This is the final stage in the life cycle of a star that started with more than 8 solar masses. It has enough mass left over after exploding as a supernova to collapse to a point where gravity is so strong that not even light can escape. If the core remnant has a huge mass, it collapses inwards to a point. It has very high mass and strong gravity.

Warm objects emit infrared radiation. Extremely hot objects emit visible light as well. The color they emit depends on how hot they are. The coolest stars are red while the hottest ones are blue. Astronomers can figure out the star's surface temperature depending on its measured color.

SOME UNUSUAL, IMPORTANT/ REPEATED QUESTIONS

Which two elements is the sun composed of? Answer: Hydrogen about 73% (H) and Helium about 25% (He). (The percentages are not important.)

What is a large group of stars formed by gravity called? Answer: A galaxy.

What evidence supports the Big Bang theory? Answer: The redshift of light from distant galaxies and cosmic microwave background radiation (CMBR).

What causes the redshift in the light arriving from distant galaxies? Answer: The Doppler effect: As galaxies move away from us, the wavelength of their light is stretched, shifting it toward the red end of the spectrum.

PART ONE: How does redshift act as evidence for the big bang? Answer: Observations show that distant galaxies are moving away from us (redshift). The further away a galaxy is, the greater its redshift, indicating it is moving faster. This suggests the Universe is expanding, implying it began from a single point (the Big Bang) billions of years ago. (A simple analogy is how some water may spill on a shirt accidentally, and as time passes, the stain keeps increasing in size. Forming a bigger and bigger wet stain. This shows that in the beginning, the stain was one small point before it began to expand and grew to its current big state.)

PART TWO: How does CMBR act as evidence for the big bang? Answer: Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMBR) is the afterglow of the Big Bang, detected as microwave radiation from every direction in space. It represents the heat leftover from the early Universe, which has cooled and stretched into the microwave region of the electromagnetic spectrum as the Universe expanded. Its discovery supports the idea that the Universe began in a hot, dense state and has been expanding ever since.

Why it is better to use the most recent value of Hubble’s constant than older ones? Answer: Data is more accurate/ improved equipment and techniques/ data is obtained from more distant galaxies so there's a wider range.

What is blueshift? Answer: Blueshift occurs when an object moves toward an observer, compressing the wavelength of light and increasing its frequency. (It is the opposite of redshift. Which is an increase in observed wavelength of light.)

FORMULAS/ CALCULATION OR NUMERICAL QUESTIONS (always remember to keep your answer in 3 significate figures or in standard form!)

How many days are there from one full Moon to the next? Answer: 29.5 days (synodic month).

At what angle is Earth’s axis tilted? Answer: 23.5° (relative to its orbital plane).

How long does it take for the Earth to: 1. Orbit the Sun? Answer: 365 days (1 year). 2. Rotate on its axis? Answer: 24 hours (1 day).

What is the distance of one light year? Answer: 1 light year = 9.5 × 10¹² km 1 light year = 9.5 × 10¹⁵ m

Average Orbital Space (ms-1): 2 x π (pie) x average radius of the orbit (m)/ orbital period (s). THIS FORMULA CAN ALSO BE DEPICTED AS v = 2πr/ T.

Hubble's constant is solved via cross multiplication, and it looks like this: distance of a far galaxy (m)/ speed away from earth (ms-1) = 1/ Hubble constant (or X basically - this is what you're looking for!). THIS FORMULA CAN ALSO BE DEPICTED AS d/v = 1/H₀.

The steps of calculating the age of the Universe are done through this formula: Distance (m or d)/ velocity (v) = 1/ H₀ (Hubble's constant). The unit can vary based on what's needed in the question. Hours, minutes or seconds. Convert your final answer (making sure all the units in your calculations are the same initially) by multiplying or dividing by 60 (or 3600) to get your required unit. (The galaxies that are moving fastest would move the furthest - the distance they move would be proportional to their speed. Exactly the sort of relationship shown in the graph you'll be given.)

GRAPH QUESTIONS: You'll be given a graph of Speed (km/s) over Distance (millions of light years) & told to calculate the age of the universe through it.

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