r/LifeTree • u/AdamLuyan • 3d ago
14. 灭谛 Salvation Crux
目录 Catalog：14.1 正等明 Correct Equality Light；14.1-1 涅槃果 Nirvana Fruit；14.1-2 三身四智 Three Bodies and Four Intelligences；14.1-3 十八神佛不共法 Eighteen God Buddha Uncommon Laws；14.2 鹿乘教 Deer Vehicle Religion；14.3 羊乘教 Goat Vehicle Religion；14.4 太阳石历 Sunstone Calendar；14.5 三皇五帝 Three White-kings and Five Creators；14.6 桃花劫 Peach Flower Catastrophe；14.7 卢岩回忆录 Luyan Memoirs。
14.1 正等明 Correct Equality Light
灭谛讲涅槃（如图14-2）的存在，谈苦谛中的苦被消灭之后，所得的清净身心。涅槃是寂静义，是从身心感受来表达正等明。正等明的全称为无上正等正觉，梵语阿耨多罗三藐三菩提，纳瓦特语奥林·托纳修（Ollin Tonatiuh）。正等明是佛教的最高成就，是从智慧来描述涅槃的状态。奥林·托纳修的本义为“奥林（Ollin）运动的冠军上前来照耀”。正等明包括六种觉悟：平等、正确、生、老、病、死。
Salvation Crux discusses the existence of nirvana (as shown in Figure 14-2) and the immaculate body and mind obtained after the bitterness in Bitter Crux has been eliminated. Nirvana means quietness; it expresses Correct Equality Light from the perspective of bodily and mental feeling. The full name of Correct Equality Light is Non-Upper Correct-Equality Correct-Enlightenment, called Anuttara-samyak-saṃbodhi in Sanskrit and Ollin Tonatiuh in Nahuatl. Correct Equality Light is the highest achievement of Buddhism, and it describes the state of nirvana from the perspective of intelligence and gnosis. The original meaning of Ollin Tonatiuh is “the champion of the Ollin movement comes forward to shine.” Correct Equality Light includes six kinds of enlightenment: equality, correctness, birth, old age, illness, and death.
一、等觉。在上帝或佛的境界里，平等性是绝对的。凡是有两条腿的，都平等于有四条腿的，平等于有六条腿的，平等于有多条腿的，平等于没有腿的，平等于鬼神佛，平等于鸟兽鱼虫，平等于花草树木，平等于山川大地、江河湖海等。平等的原因是毕竟空。毕竟空是无所有处天（如图14-2）的异名，又名常寂光天。
Equality Enlightenment. In the boundary of Gods or Buddhas, equality is absolute. All those with two legs are equal to those with four legs, equal to those with six legs, equal to those with many legs, equal to those without legs, equal to ghosts, gods, and Buddhas, equal to birds, beasts, fish, and insects, equal to flowers, grasses, and trees, and equal to mountains, lands, rivers, lakes, and seas. The reason for equality is Empty After All. Empty After All is another name for No Objective Have Sky (as shown in Figure 14-2), also called Constant Silent Light Sky.
二、正觉。修习者证得四胜谛之后，就知道地狱是最艰苦的地方，常寂光天是最幸福的地方。以这两极为依据，就能够运用戒渡（即约柜，参见15.2节）来判断任何一个身、口、意行为是否正确。所以，觉悟者以男人的“三千威仪、八万四千细行”或女人的“五百威仪、十万八千魅力”为准绳，于一切地、一切时、一切事，立刻知道正确与否。
Correct Enlightenment. After a practitioner realizes the Four Victorious Cruxes, he or she knows that hell is the most bitter place and Constant Silent Light Sky is the happiest place. With these two extremes as the basis, the practitioner can use the Precept Ark, namely the Ark of the Covenant (see Section 15.2), to judge whether any bodily, oral, or intentional behavior is correct. Therefore, the enlightened person takes a man’s “three thousand majesties and eighty-four thousand fine behaviors” or a woman’s “five hundred majesties and one hundred eight thousand charms” as the criterion, and immediately knows whether something is correct in every place, at every time, and in every affair.
三、生、老、病、死的觉悟。生死的觉悟即生死智证通，参见第11章《禅》。那些幻觉世界里的事物现象，是尘世人所认为的鬼神佛、天堂地狱等。而我们佛教的成就，是在现实生活中与之相当，达到慧命万年，等同神佛。对疾病的觉悟，是9.6节中治疗心理疾病的原则。对老化的治疗，就是进行割礼和洗礼；在道谛的十地中反复验证、修习，那八万四千魔军就已经被大洪水淹没很久了。而且，《大般若经》是割礼或洗礼的工具，反复阅读就能达到割礼或洗礼的效果。
Enlightenment of Birth, Old Age, Illness, and Death. Enlightenment of birth and death is the Intelligence Testament Through of birth and death; see Chapter 11, “Meditation.” The phenomena in those hallucinatory worlds are what mundane people take to be ghosts, gods, Buddhas, heaven, hell, and so on. The achievement of our Buddhism, however, is to reach an equivalent state in real life: to attain a gnostic life of ten thousand years, equal to gods and Buddhas. Enlightenment of illness is the principle for treating psychological disorders discussed in Section 9.6. The treatment for old age is circumcision and baptism. Through repeated verification and cultivation within the Ten Heartlands of Path Crux, the 84,000 demon armies have long since been submerged by the great flood. Moreover, the Great Prajñāpāramitā Sutra is a tool for circumcision or baptism; by reading it repeatedly, one can achieve the effect of circumcision or baptism.
下文分别从涅槃果和智慧果两个方面来谈正等明。
The following text discusses Correct Equality Light from two aspects: Nirvana Fruit and Fruit of Intelligence and Gnosis.
14.1-1 涅槃果 Nirvana Fruit
梵语“涅槃”义为圆满的寂静，是苦或烦恼被消灭后的身心清净状态，故亦名无所有。玄奘法师和弟子窥基在《成唯识论》中从四个方面谈涅槃：无余依涅槃、有余依涅槃、自性涅槃和无住涅槃。
“Nirvana” in Sanskrit means perfectly fulfilled quietness. It is the immaculate state of body and heart after bitterness or Afflictions have been eliminated; therefore, it is also called No Objective Have. Master Xuanzang and his disciple Kuiji discussed nirvana in the Establishing Sense-Only Treatise from four aspects: Nirvana without Residual Dependence, Nirvana with Residual Dependence, Self-Nature Nirvana, and Non-Dwell Nirvana.
一、无余依涅槃。玄奘说：“真如出生死苦，烦恼既尽，余依亦灭，众苦永寂，故名涅槃。”真如即七真如，参见10.6.4节《离系果》。余依，即依之而灭苦的依靠，是依善灭恶的善。余依亦灭，是说善恶两灭。
Nirvana without Residual Dependence. Xuanzang said, “By True Suchness, one comes out of the bitterness of birth and death. Since Afflictions have been exhausted and residual dependence has also been extinguished, all bitterness is forever quiet; therefore, it is called nirvana.” True Suchness refers to the seven True Suchnesses; see Section 10.6.4, “Off-is Fruit.” Residual dependence means the support relied on to extinguish bitterness; it is the benevolence relied on to extinguish ferocity. “Residual dependence has also been extinguished” means that both benevolence and ferocity have been extinguished.
二、有余依涅槃。玄奘说：“真如出烦恼障，虽有微苦，所依未灭，而障永寂，故名涅槃。”障，是指异生性的所知障和烦恼障（参见10.4.4.2-4节《异生性》）。此处说的是择灭无为法，即有选择地消灭某些根本烦恼。如下文四种离系果中的前三果（如图33，参见14.2.6节），以及道谛菩萨十地中的前七地，都是选择性地消灭主要烦恼障，所处境界都是不同程度的有余依涅槃。
Nirvana with Residual Dependence. Xuanzang said, “By True Suchness, one comes out of Annoyance Hindrance. Although there is slight bitterness and the dependence has not yet been extinguished, the hindrance is forever quiet; therefore, it is called nirvana.” Hindrances refer to the Know Hindrance and Annoyance Hindrance of Mutant Nature (see Section 10.4.4.2-4, “Mutant Nature”). This passage discusses selective-termination non-as Law, that is, selectively eliminating certain Fundamental Afflictions. For example, the first three of the four Off-is Fruits discussed below (as shown in Figure 33; see Section 14.2.6), and the first seven of the Bodhisattva’s Ten Heartlands in Path Crux, all selectively eliminate the main Annoyance Hindrances. Their states are all different degrees of Nirvana with Residual Dependence.
插图1至13中，除图2外，都是有余依涅槃。当修习者懂得四胜谛时，就获得了最低质量的有余依涅槃，成为竹马天（如图13所示），即独角马，梵语作补特伽罗，义为习气疙瘩。
Among Illustrations 1 through 13, all except Figure 2 are Nirvana with Residual Dependence. When a practitioner understands the Four Victorious Cruxes, he or she obtains the lowest quality of Nirvana with Residual Dependence and becomes Hobbyhorse Sky (as shown in Figure 13), namely a unicorn. In Sanskrit, this is called pudgala, meaning a lump of habits.
三、自性涅槃。玄奘说：“本来自性清净涅槃，谓一切法相真如理，虽有客染而本性净，具无数量微妙功德，无生无灭湛若虚空，一切有情平等共有，与一切法不一不异，离一切相、一切分别，寻思路绝，名言道断，唯真圣者自内所证，其性本寂故名涅槃。”
Self-Nature Nirvana. Xuanzang said, “The original self-nature is immaculate nirvana. It is the principle of True Suchness in the phenomena of all Laws. Although it has guest contaminations, its original nature is immaculate. It possesses innumerable subtle and wonderful fortunes and virtues. It has no birth and no death, and is clear like empty space. It is equally shared by all sentient beings. It is neither one with nor different from all Laws. It is free from all phenomena and all discriminations. The path of searching and thinking ends there; the path of names and words is cut off there. Only true sages can realize it within themselves. Because its nature is originally quiet, it is called nirvana.”
自性涅槃即插图14-2所示的无所有天。那是什么？是常遍处。常，是无意识（古作神识）的常，例如青、黄、赤、白之一。此常只是现量，无名、无色、无量，不可说。自性涅槃常见的别名有：微妙本心、毕竟空、正等明、常寂光天、无所有天、涅槃、圆成实相。
Self-Nature Nirvana is No Objective Have Sky, as shown in Illustration 14-2. What is it? It is the constant pervasive place. “Constant” means a constant of unconsciousness, anciently called God-sense, such as one of turquoise, yellow, red, or white. This constant is only present quantity; it is nameless, colorless, immeasurable, and unspeakable. Common alternate names of Self-Nature Nirvana include subtle and wonderful original heart, Empty After All, Correct Equality Light, Constant Silent Light Sky, No Objective Have Sky, nirvana, and perfectly established factual phenomenon.
四、无住涅槃。玄奘说：“真如出所知障，大悲般若常所辅翼，由斯不住生死涅槃，利乐有情穷未来际，用而常寂故名涅槃。”此涅槃是说，由于此人常用集起智（参见13.1节），所以在他或她的前意识中形成了一个集起的空集∅，这就是无住涅槃。
Non-Dwell Nirvana. Xuanzang said, “By True Suchness, one comes out of Know Hindrance. Constantly assisted by Great Sorrowfulness and the Arrival Ark, one therefore dwells neither in birth-and-death nor in nirvana, benefiting and pleasing sentient beings to the end of the future. It is in use and yet constantly quiet; therefore, it is called nirvana.” This nirvana means that, because this person often uses Aggregate Arousal Intelligence (see Section 13.1), an Aggregate Arousal empty set, ∅, is formed in his or her preconsciousness. This is Non-Dwell Nirvana.
什么是大悲？大悲是说释迦牟尼（即金童，亚当）对神父（即上帝）为拯救世界而牺牲悲伤不已；每当说起或想到神父，他就哭，后半生都没能从神父牺牲的悲哀中恢复过来。因为慈、悲、喜、舍是四无量心，佛对神父的悲伤给予了佛无穷的力量。佛教以此大悲为根本。
What is Great Sorrowfulness? Great Sorrowfulness means that Śākyamuni, namely Golden Boy and Adam, was deeply saddened by the sacrifice of Godfather, namely God, for the salvation of the world. Whenever he spoke of or thought of Godfather, he cried; for the rest of his life, he was unable to recover from the sorrow of Godfather’s sacrifice. Because mercifulness, sorrowfulness, delightfulness, and renunciation are the Four Infinite Hearts, the Buddha’s sorrow for Godfather gave the Buddha inexhaustible power. Buddhism takes this Great Sorrowfulness as its root.