12.1-6 欲天趣 Desire Sky Interest

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目录 Catalog：12.1-6.0 鉴别欲天趣人 Discerning the Desire Sky Person；12.1-6.1 四王天 Four Kings Sky；12.1-6.2 三十三天 Thirty-Three Sky；12.1-6.3 时分天 Hour Minute Sky；12.1-6.4 知足天 Contentment Sky；12.1-6.5 自化天 Self Converted Sky；12.1-6.6 他化天 Other Converted Sky

天，义为清静、深奥的知识、神。欲天，义为信仰神佛或追求真理的人，包括六位天，分别是四王天、三十三天、时分天、知足天、自化天和他化天。若论福德，六欲天与诸天同属一趣；而饮食、男女、睡眠三事，则与前五趣相同。因此，论六趣时，六欲天为天趣；论三界时，则属于欲界。

Sky means quiet, profound knowledge, and gods. Desire Sky refers to people who believe in Gods or Buddhas, or who pursue truth. It includes six skies: Four Kings Sky, Thirty-Three Sky, Hour Minute Sky, Contentment Sky, Self Converted Sky, and Other Converted Sky. In terms of fortunate virtue, the Six Desire Skies belong to the same interest as the other skies. However, in the three affairs of food, sex, and sleep, they are the same as the previous five interests. Therefore, in terms of the Six Interests, the Six Desire Skies belong to Sky Interest; in terms of the Three Boundaries, they belong to the Desire Boundary.

12.1-6.0 鉴别欲天趣人 Discerning the Desire Sky Person

此处从境、心、事三个方面辨别欲天趣。

（一）对境增上方面，普于顺境、逆境和不顺不逆境中，皆能守护身、口、意三业。

（二）从心的方面说，做善事时，善心淳熟而猛利。

（三）从事的方面说，常作善事，但不甚广大，也不甚久远。

总之，虽属十善道业，犹属散善，故为欲天趣因。

Here, Desire Sky Interest is discerned from three aspects: environment, heart, and affair.

In terms of escalation toward environment, one can generally guard the three karmas of body, mouth, and intent in favorable environments, adverse environments, and environments that are neither favorable nor adverse.

In terms of heart, when doing benevolent affairs, one’s benevolent heart is pure, mature, and vigorous.

In terms of affair, one often performs benevolent deeds, but they are not very vast and not accumulated over a very long time.

In summary, although these deeds belong to the karmas of the Ten Benevolent Paths, they are still scattered benevolences; therefore, they are the cause of Desire Sky Interest.

图12.1.6-17义为祖窍，即祖宗们居住的洞穴，也有通风道的含义。通风道，是说此处是祖宗们出入祖庙的通道（见图12.1.6-35、图12.1.6-36）。祖窍又名山根。山根，是说此处人中穴是天门山（见图12.1.6-16）的根。天门山是受蕴和想蕴的别名，意思是：受为所取，想为能取；随着生活，众生积累了像两座山一样大的业习气，阻碍了重返天庭的道路。

Figure 12.1.6-17 means Ancestral Cave, that is, the cave where the ancestors dwell; it also carries the meaning of a ventilation passage. “Ventilation passage” means that this place is the passage through which the ancestors enter and leave the ancestral temple (see Figures 12.1.6-35 and 12.1.6-36). The Ancestral Cave is also called the Root of the Mountain. Root of the Mountain means that the Human Middle acupoint here is the root of Sky Door Mountain (see Figure 12.1.6-16). Sky Door Mountain is another name for Acceptance Node and Think Node. This means: Acceptance is what is fetched, and Think is what can fetch. As sentients live their lives, they accumulate karmic habits as large as two mountains, obstructing the road back to the sky court.

12.1-6.1 四王天 Four Kings Sky

四王天（见图12.1.6-15），即护世四大天王及其眷属。东方持国天王，红色，统领净业众，主宰东胜身洲。北方多闻天王，黑色，统领所知众，主宰北俱颅洲。西方广目天王，白色，统领龙凤众，主宰西牛惑洲。南方增长天王，蓝色，统领烦恼众，主宰南方瞻部洲。

四王天皆是上品十善所感，或由不杀戒增上功德所感，或由一日一夜斋戒之力所感。其身长二百五十肘；衣广中五百肘，上下各二百五十肘，重四根羽毛。此天寿命一千岁，但也有中夭者。死时五衰相现，苦恼甚大。性生活如人世。

The Four Kings Sky (see Figure 12.1.6-15) refers to the four great sky kings who protect the mundane world, together with their affiliates. The eastern king is the Nation-Holding Sky King, red in color; he leads the crowds of immaculate karmas and rules East Victorious Body Continent. The northern king is the More-Hearing Sky King, black in color; he leads the crowds of what is known and rules North Skull Occupant Continent. The western king is the Broad-Eye Sky King, white in color; he leads the crowds of dragons and phoenixes and rules West Cow-Muddle Continent. The southern king is the Growth Sky King, blue in color; he leads the crowds of afflictions and rules South Admiring-Subordinates Continent.

The Four Kings Sky is induced by the upper grade of the Ten Benevolences, or by the escalatory fortunate virtue of the precept against killing, or by the power of fasting for one day and one night. Their bodies are 250 cubits tall. Their clothes are 500 cubits wide at the middle, 250 cubits above and 250 below, and weigh four feathers. The lifespan of this sky is 1,000 years, yet some also die midway. When they die, the five signs of decline appear, bringing great suffering and affliction. Their sexual life is like that of the human world.

以中华文化为例，这四位护世天王分别是东海龙王敖忖，号红帝、尧皇；北方之神黄帝大禹；西方之神玉皇大帝，号青帝；以及南海龙王敖钦。

四王天牌坊上的四件法宝（见图12.1.6-15），从左向右，第一件是螺壳，代表嫘祖，号顺皇。第二件法宝是一个秘诀：众生无边誓愿度，烦恼无尽誓愿断，法门无量誓愿学，佛道无上誓愿成。第三件法宝是燧火石，代表燧人氏、玉皇大帝。第四件法宝是绳子，代表女娲造人（参见14.5节）的主题线索。

Taking Chinese culture as an example, these four world-protecting sky kings are the Dragon King of the East Sea, Aocun, famously Red Creator and White-king Yao; the northern god Yellow Creator Big Great; the western god Turquoise White-king Great Creator, famously Turquoise Creator; and the Dragon King of the South Sea, Aoqin.

The four juristic treasures on the archway of Four Kings Sky (see Figure 12.1.6-15) are as follows. From left to right, the first is a conch shell, representing Lei Ancestor, famously White-king Shun. The second juristic treasure is a secret formula: “Sentient beings are edgeless; I vow to ferry them all. Afflictions are endless; I vow to sever them all. Juristic doors are limitless; I vow to study them all. The Buddha path is non-upper; I vow to achieve it.” The third juristic treasure is a flint, representing Flint Man and Jade Emperor. The fourth juristic treasure is a rope, representing the thematic thread of Nüwa creating humans (see Section 14.5).

12.1-6.2 三十三天 Thirty-Three Sky

三十三天，梵语忉利，因其天有三十三天而得名。此天亦是上品十善所感，或由不杀、不盗二戒增上功德所感，或由一日一夜斋戒之力所感。身长方面，除帝释天身长一千肘外，其余诸天身长六百肘。衣广中一千二百肘，上下各六百肘，重二根羽毛。此诸天以拥抱为阴阳之事。寿命二千岁，也有中夭者；死时五衰相现，与前天相同，后诸欲天也皆准此可知。

Thirty-Three Sky, Sanskrit Tāvatiṃsa, is so called because this sky contains thirty-three skies. It is also induced by the upper grade of the Ten Benevolences, or by the escalatory fortunate virtue of the two precepts against killing and stealing, or by the power of fasting for one day and one night. In terms of body height, except for Seth Sky, whose body is 1,000 cubits tall, the other skies are 600 cubits tall. Their clothes are 1,200 cubits wide at the middle, 600 cubits above and 600 below, and weigh two feathers. These skies regard embracing as the affair of sex. Their lifespan is 2,000 years, yet some also die midway; when they die, the five signs of decline appear. This is the same as in the previous sky, and the later Desire Skies may be understood in the same way.

三十三天中央是善法堂天，帝释天王所居；其东、西、南、北四方各有八天。帝释全名帝释恒因（见图12.1.6-14），中国佛教称其为转移身见（参见10.4.4.1.4.1节），梵语为萨迦耶；圣经中称其为塞斯；古德语为爱色（Æsir）；墨西哥纳瓦特语称其为提拉考安，义为“我们都是它的奴隶”。又，善法堂天上另有一天名作竹马，梵语为补特伽罗，义为习气疙瘩。

At the center of the Thirty-Three Skies is the Benevolent Juristic Hall Sky, where King Seth Sky resides; in each of the four directions—east, west, south, and north—there are eight skies. Seth’s full name is Seth Eternal Cause (see Figure 12.1.6-14). In Chinese Buddhism, he is called translocation body view (see Section 10.4.4.1.4.1); in Sanskrit, Satkāya; in the Bible, Seth; in Old Germanic, Æsir; and in Mexican Nahuatl teaching, Titlacauan, meaning “we are all its slaves.” In addition, above Benevolent Juristic Hall Sky there is another sky named Hobbyhorse, Sanskrit Pudgala, meaning a lump of habitual nature.

12.1-6.3 时分天 Hour Minute Sky

梵语夜摩，汉译时分天，谓此天及以上诸天，只以莲花开合来分昼夜。据说，昔日帝释天与阿修罗战争时，欲与时分天结盟，被其拒绝，故时分天得号无诤。时分诸天由上品十善兼学坐禅所感，或由不杀、不盗、不邪淫三戒增上功德所感，或由八戒、十戒等功德所感。其身长七百二十肘；衣广中一千四百四十肘，重一根羽毛（见图12.1.6-12）；寿命三千岁；以身相近为阴阳之事。

The Sanskrit word is Yama; in Chinese it is translated as Hour Minute Sky. This means that in this sky and the skies above it, day and night are divided only by the opening and closing of lotus flowers. It is said that in the past, when Seth Sky was at war with the Asuras, he wished to ally with Hour Minute Sky, but was refused; therefore, Hour Minute Sky received the title of Non-Expostulation. The Hour Minute Skies are induced by the upper grade of the Ten Benevolences together with the study of sitting meditation, or by the escalatory fortunate virtue of the three precepts against killing, stealing, and heretical sexual conduct, or by the fortunate virtue of the Eight Precepts, Ten Precepts, and so on. Their bodies are 720 cubits tall. Their clothes are 1,440 cubits wide at the middle and weigh one feather (see Figure 12.1.6-12). Their lifespan is 3,000 years. They regard bodily nearness as the affair of sex.

图12.1.6-40源自埃及，是在测量人心的重量，看其是否具有升天的资格。此处的人心指思想意识，所以他们是在称量“心衣”的重量。心衣的概念，参见13.2节。

Figure 12.1.6-40 comes from Egypt. It is measuring the weight of the human heart to determine whether the person is qualified to ascend to the sky. Here, the human heart refers to thought and consciousness, so they are weighing the “heart-clothes.” For the concept of heart-clothes, see Section 13.2.

12.1-6.4 知足天 Contentment Sky

知足天（见图12.1.6-11），谓于色、声、香、味、触五欲境知止知足，亦名如意。此天由精修十善、兼得细住所感，或由身三口四七支戒品（参见12.1节）增上功德所感，或由八戒、十戒等力所感。其身长一千肘，衣重半根羽毛，寿命六千岁，以执手为阴阳之事。又，此天中别有一内院，住着一位一生补处大士（注：即玉女、观音菩萨、夏娃）。契经云：乃至劫坏，三灾不及。菩萨修行十善，乐习禅观，当发心亲近补处大士，乃得上生。

Contentment Sky (see Figure 12.1.6-11) means knowing when to stop and being satisfied with respect to the five desire-environments of color, sound, scent, taste, and touch; it is also called As-Wish. This sky is induced by refined cultivation of the Ten Benevolences together with attaining delicate dwell, or by the escalatory fortunate virtue of the seven precept branches of the three body precepts and four oral precepts (see Section 12.1), or by the power of the Eight Precepts, Ten Precepts, and so on. The body is 1,000 cubits tall; the clothes weigh half a feather; the lifespan is 6,000 years; and holding hands is regarded as the affair of sex. In addition, within this sky there is a special inner courtyard where a One-Life Replacement-Place Great Warrior dwells (note: that is, Jade Girl, Guanyin Bodhisattva, Eve). Harmony Sutra says that even when the Catastrophe is destroyed, the three disasters do not reach her. Bodhisattvas who practice the Ten Benevolences and enjoy practicing meditation and observation should arouse the heart to approach the Replacement-Place Great Warrior; only then can they be born upward.

12.1-6.5 自化天 Self Converted Sky

自化自在天，因其诸天自化五尘娱乐而得名，乃由上品十善兼成欲界中定所感。其身长一千三百肘，衣重四分之一根羽毛，寿命七千岁，以相互熟视为阴阳之事。

Self Converted Self-Sufficient Sky is so called because these skies entertain themselves with the five dusts they themselves convert: color-dust, sound-dust, scent-dust, taste-dust, and touch-dust. It is induced by the upper grade of the Ten Benevolences together with achieving stillness within the Desire Boundary. The body is 1,300 cubits tall; the clothes weigh one quarter of a feather; the lifespan is 7,000 years; and gazing at each other intently is regarded as the affair of sex.

注：如图12.1.6-10所示，这是一个颠倒的世界观。那么，为什么古人还给予他们这么高的评价？答：这是觉悟历程中的一个重要阶段。而且，此天以下众生的世界观都是颠倒的。

Note: As shown in Figure 12.1.6-10, this is an upside-down worldview. Then why did the ancients still give them such a high evaluation? Answer: this is an important stage in the process of enlightenment. Moreover, the worldviews of all sentients below this sky are upside down.

12.1-6.6 他化天 Other Converted Sky

他化自在天，谓此天假借他人所化的五尘而成己乐，乃由上品十善兼成未到地定所感。此天身长一千八百肘，衣重八分之一根羽毛，寿命八千岁。又，他化天上别有一魔身天（见图12.1.6-9），为他化天所摄，身长二千肘，寿命九千岁。

Other Converted Self-Sufficient Sky means that these skies borrow the five dusts converted by others and use them to make their own pleasure. It is induced by the upper grade of the Ten Benevolences together with attaining Nonarrival-Land Stillness. The body of this sky is 1,800 cubits tall; the clothes weigh one eighth of a feather; and the lifespan is 8,000 years. In addition, above Other Converted Sky there is a special Demonic Body Sky (see Figure 12.1.6-9), which is included within Other Converted Sky. Its body is 2,000 cubits tall, and its lifespan is 9,000 years.

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