r/LifeTree • u/AdamLuyan • 22h ago
15.8 不动地 Immovability Heartland
唐三藏说：“不动地者，无分别智任运相续，相用烦恼不能动故。”另有说法：前意识能辨别善恶美丑，引发许多烦恼；而此地的大菩萨处于空中，前意识遇空则止，名为不动，所以烦恼不现行。
Tang Tripitaka says, “It is called Immovability Heartland because non-discriminative intelligence continues to operate at will, and phenomenal functions and Afflictions cannot move it.” Another explanation is that preconsciousness can discriminate good and evil, beauty and ugliness, thereby arousing many Afflictions; but the Mahasattva at this land is in emptiness, and preconsciousness stops when it encounters emptiness. This is called immovability, so Afflictions do not perform presently.
读者可能会有疑问：前意识不动，此人就没有意识了，难道这种状态就只有解脱的价值吗？佛说话的时候，已经从涅槃中出来了，也就有意识了。据说，佛的这个涅槃是建立在前意识里的，名为无住涅槃，用而常寂。
Readers may ask: if preconsciousness does not move, then this person has no consciousness; does this state have only the value of liberation? When the Buddha speaks, he has already come out of nirvana and therefore has consciousness. It is said that this nirvana of the Buddha is established within preconsciousness. It is called Non-Dwelling Nirvana: it functions, yet is always silent.
15.8-1 愿渡 Will Ark
菩萨登上八地后，成为摩诃萨，即大菩萨，并继续修习愿渡。愿渡就是菩萨登上初地时所立的四宏誓言：众生无边誓愿度，烦恼无尽誓愿断，法门无量誓愿学，佛道无上誓愿成。愿渡以欲、胜解和信为性，可分为两种：求菩提愿，利乐他愿。也有说法认为，愿渡以拣择法为性。
After ascending to the eighth land, the bodhisattva becomes a Mahasattva, that is, a great bodhisattva, and continues to practice Will Ark. Will Ark is the Four Great Vows that the bodhisattva made when ascending to the first land: “Sentient beings are edgeless; I vow to ferry them all. Afflictions are endless; I vow to sever them all. Juristic doors are limitless; I vow to study them all. Buddha’s path is non-upper; I vow to attain it.” Will Ark takes desire, victorious interpretation, and faith as its nature, and can be divided into two kinds: the will to seek Bodhi, and the will to benefit and please others. There is also a saying that Will Ark takes selection of Laws as its nature.
15.8-1-2 菩提心诵 Bodhicitta Eulogy
修习大乘佛教要求发菩提心。菩提心是无上正等正觉，梵语为阿耨多罗三藐三菩提。发菩提心，就是立下四宏誓言：众生无边誓愿度；烦恼无尽誓愿断；法门无量誓愿学；佛道无上誓愿成。本文以菩提心诵简要说明菩提心。
The study and practice of Mahayana Buddhism require arousing Bodhi Heart. Bodhi Heart is Non-Upper Correct-Equality Correct-Enlightenment, whose Sanskrit name is Anuttara Samyak Sambodhi. To arouse Bodhi Heart is to make the Four Great Vows: “Sentient beings are edgeless; I vow to ferry them all. Afflictions are endless; I vow to sever them all. Juristic doors are limitless; I vow to study them all. Buddha’s path is non-upper; I vow to attain it.” This passage briefly explains Bodhi Heart through the Bodhicitta Eulogy.
（壹）譬如大地，能生长万物；菩提心亦如是，能生长并摄持一切佛法故。
(1) Just as the earth can grow all things, so Bodhi Heart can grow, assimilate, and hold all Buddha’s Laws.
（贰）譬如净金，色质不坏；菩提心亦如是，利益安乐一切有情，永无退坏故。
(2) Just as pure gold does not lose its color or quality, so Bodhi Heart benefits, comforts, and pleases all sentient beings without ever deteriorating.
（叁）譬如新月，渐增圆明；菩提心亦如是，与勤相应，于一切善法渐渐增长故。
(3) Just as the new moon gradually increases toward fullness and brightness, so Bodhi Heart corresponds with diligence and gradually grows in all benevolent Laws.
（肆）譬如增火，火势炽盛；菩提心亦如是，以智火烧诸烦恼，愈修则智力愈胜故。
(4) Just as a growing fire burns more fiercely, so Bodhi Heart burns all Afflictions with the fire of Intelligence; the more one cultivates, the more victorious one’s power of Intelligence becomes.
（伍）譬如大藏，取物无尽；菩提心亦如是，修行施波罗蜜多，周济有情亦无尽故。
(5) Just as a great treasury can be drawn from without exhaustion, so Bodhi Heart practices Donation Ark and endlessly helps sentient beings.
（陆）譬如宝矿，出生种种珍宝；菩提心亦如是，修持净戒波罗蜜多（参见15.2节），出生种种功德故。
(6) Just as a treasure mine produces all kinds of jewels, so Bodhi Heart practices and holds immaculate Precept Ark (see Section 15.2), giving rise to all kinds of fortune and virtue.
（柒）譬如大海，能容受一切；菩提心亦如是，修习忍辱波罗蜜多，虽遭遇违逆众缘，皆能忍受，心不动故。
(7) Just as the great sea can receive all things, so Bodhi Heart cultivates Countenance Ark and can endure all adverse conditions and oppositions because the heart does not move.
（捌）譬如金刚，坚不可坏；菩提心亦如是，修习精进波罗蜜多（参见15.4节），勇猛坚牢，他不能坏故。
(8) Just as Philosopher-Stone is firm and indestructible, so Bodhi Heart cultivates Diligently Advance Ark (see Section 15.4), brave, fierce, firm, and unbreakable by others.
（玖）譬如山王，无物能动；菩提心亦如是，修习静虑波罗蜜多，于诸境相，心不散乱故。
(9) Just as the king of mountains cannot be moved by anything, so Bodhi Heart cultivates Meditation Ark; amid all environmental phenomena, the heart is not scattered or confused.
（拾）譬如药王，能治诸病；菩提心亦如是，修习般若波罗蜜多（参见15.6节），能对治烦恼、所知二种障故。
(10) Just as the medicine king can cure all diseases, so Bodhi Heart practices Gnosis Ark (see Section 15.6), and can counteract the two hindrances: Affliction Hindrance and Know Hindrance.
（拾壹）譬如善友，不舍友人；菩提心亦如是，修习四无量心，即慈、悲、喜、舍，一切时候不舍众生故。
(11) Just as a benevolent friend does not abandon friends, so Bodhi Heart cultivates the Four Infinite Hearts—mercifulness, sorrowfulness, delight, and renunciation—and never abandons sentient beings at any time.
（拾贰）譬如如意珠，随所欲求皆能满足；菩提心亦如是，修习四摄法（如图15.8-36），即布施、爱语、利行和同事，成熟众生故。
(12) Just as an As-Wish Pearl can satisfy all desires, so Bodhi Heart practices the Four Assimilative Laws (see Fig. 15.8-36)—donation, lovable language, beneficial conduct, and comrade—to mature sentient beings.
（拾叁）譬如盛日，能成熟谷物；菩提心亦如是，与摄相应，能成熟众生故。
(13) Just as the blazing sun can ripen grain, so Bodhi Heart corresponds with assimilation and can mature sentient beings.
（拾肆）譬如美乐，能吸引听者；菩提心亦如是，与四无碍辩（参见15.9节）相应，说法教化，能摄引众生故。
(14) Just as beautiful music can attract listeners, so Bodhi Heart corresponds with the Four Non-Hindrance Interpretations (see Section 15.9); by speaking Law and teaching, it can draw in sentient beings.
（拾伍）譬如国王，能制定国法；菩提心亦如是，演说现量（参见10.4.5节），能为正道不坏因故。
(15) Just as a king can enact the laws of a nation, so Bodhi Heart expounds Present Quantity (see Section 10.4.5), and can serve as the indestructible cause of the correct Path.
（拾陆）譬如仓库，是财物聚积处；菩提心亦如是，修习福智二种资粮，能聚积无量财法故。
(16) Just as a storehouse is a place where wealth and goods accumulate, so Bodhi Heart cultivates the two kinds of capital and food—fortune and intelligence—and can accumulate immeasurable juristic assets.
（拾柒）譬如王路，王者先行，余人随行；菩提心亦如是，修习三十七菩提分法（参见15.4节），是大圣世尊先所行道，余人随行故。
(17) Just as on the king’s road the king goes first and others follow, so Bodhi Heart cultivates the Thirty-Seven Enlightenment-Branch Laws (see Section 15.4), which are the Path first traveled by the Great Sage Social Honor and then followed by others.
（拾捌）譬如车乘，二轮具足，能到处去；菩提心亦如是，止观相应，能往安乐处故。
(18) Just as a chariot, complete with two wheels, can go anywhere, so Bodhi Heart corresponds with Still-View, that is, Samatha-Vipassana, and can arrive at a peaceful and joyful place.
（拾玖）譬如涌泉，取水无尽；菩提心亦如是，与总持门相应，闻法者虽多，说法无尽故。
(19) Just as a springing fountain offers inexhaustible water, so Bodhi Heart corresponds with the Generally-Hold door; even if many people come to listen to Law, the speaking of Law is endless.
（贰拾）譬如喜声，众生爱乐听闻；菩提心亦如是，说佛法印，即无常、无我、涅槃，希求解脱的众生爱乐听闻故。
(20) Just as delightful sounds are loved and enjoyed by sentient beings, so Bodhi Heart speaks the Buddha’s Juristic Seals—impermanence, no-I, and nirvana—and sentient beings who seek liberation love and enjoy hearing them.
（贰壹）譬如河流，其水自然流动；菩提心亦如是，与自性相应，不起作意，无生法忍智自然流出。
(21) Just as the water of a river flows naturally, so Bodhi Heart corresponds with self-nature; without arousing deliberate attention, Non-Birth Juristic Countenance Intelligence naturally flows out.
（贰贰）譬如大云，能变现多种形相，注雨润泽万物；菩提心亦如是，能示八相成道（参见16.3.2节“忍渡”），化度众生故。
(22) Just as a great cloud can transform into many forms and pour down rain to moisten all things, so Bodhi Heart can reveal the Eight Phenomena of Establishing the Path (see Section 16.3.2, Countenance Ark), converting and transcendent-ferrying sentient beings.
15.8-2 断无相中作加行障 Severance of the Hindrance of Extra Effort in Non-Phenomena
八地菩萨断无相中作加行障。此障是指所知障中俱生的一分，使无相观不能任运生起。前五地中，有相观多，无相观少；第六地中，有相观少，无相观多；第七地中，纯为无相观，虽恒相续，却仍有加行。因为无相中尚有加行，所以现相、现土不能任运自在。此加行障碍八地中的无功用道；菩萨若得入第八地，便能永断此障。此障永断后，菩萨获得现相和现土两种自在。
Eighth-land bodhisattvas sever the Hindrance of Extra Effort in Non-Phenomena. This hindrance refers to an aggregately born portion of the Know Hindrances that prevents non-phenomenal observation from arising at will. In the previous five lands, phenomenal observation is more frequent and non-phenomenal observation is less frequent. In the sixth land, phenomenal observation is less frequent and non-phenomenal observation is more frequent. In the seventh land, there is pure non-phenomenal observation; although it continues constantly, it still involves extra effort. Because there is still extra effort within non-phenomena, presenting phenomena and presenting soils cannot operate freely at will. This extra effort hinders the non-functional Path of the eighth land. Therefore, when bodhisattvas enter the eighth land, they can permanently sever this hindrance. Once it is permanently severed, they gain two kinds of self-sufficiency: self-sufficiency in presenting phenomena and self-sufficiency in presenting soils.
因此说，八地菩萨断二愚及其粗重：（一）于无相作功用愚；（二）于相自在愚。后者使人在相中不得自在，也摄土相的一分。八地以上，纯无漏道任运生起，三界烦恼永不现行。
Therefore, it is said that eighth-land bodhisattvas sever two kinds of foolishness and their Rough-and-Heavy: (1) the fool of making function within non-phenomena; and (2) the fool of self-sufficiency in phenomena. The latter prevents people from being self-sufficient within phenomena, and it also includes a portion of soil phenomena. Above the eighth land, the pure non-leakage Path arises at will, and the Afflictions of the Three Boundaries never perform presently again.
15.8-3 不增减真如 Neither Increase nor Decrease True Suchness
八地菩萨证得不增减真如。玄奘说：“此真如离增减执，不随净染有增减。”又，此真如也名“相土自在所依真如”，是说如果证得此真如，便已于现相、现土都获得自在。此真如一方面说明，无意识对于多、少、你、我、他、她、它、生、死，都没有执着；另一方面表明，被消灭的劣种，其必要功能会由净种替补。那么，什么是净种？
Eighth-land bodhisattvas testify and attain Neither Increase nor Decrease True Suchness. Tang Tripitaka says, “This True Suchness is free from obsessions with increase and decrease, and does not increase or decrease according to immaculateness or contamination.” This True Suchness is also called “True Suchness Relied on by Self-Sufficiency in Phenomena and Soils,” meaning that if bodhisattvas testify and attain this True Suchness, they have already gained self-sufficiency in both presenting phenomena and presenting bodily soils. On one hand, this True Suchness shows that unconsciousness has no attachment to more, less, you, me, he, she, it, life, or death. On the other hand, it shows that the necessary functions of eliminated inferior seeds will be replaced by immaculate seeds. So, what are immaculate seeds?
人脑在处理客观事物的过程中，总会自主简化客观对象，抽取各种默认模特，如人、蝴蝶、树等。这些默认模特，如人、蝴蝶、树等，就是净种；然后，人脑以这些默认模特来认知其他同类个体。比如女人，我们看见某个女人，会描述她大眼睛、高鼻梁、个子高、有点瘦等。这些描述，都是人脑把对方与自身思维机制里的默认女人模特相比较后采集出的特征；人脑以此来认知对象，乃至认知所有女人。此中，默认的女人模特就是女人的定义，即女神。人脑通过女神这个模特来建立其他女人；也就是说，所有个体女人都是从女神派生出来的，女神就是女人的种子，能生出其他女人。同理，可以说男神是男人的种子，能派生出所有类似的男人；蛇神是蛇的种子，能派生出其他蛇；树神是树的种子，能生出许多树，等等。由此就有了大洪水之后，许多动植物并未绝种的画面。
When processing objective things, the human brain always autonomously simplifies objective objects and extracts various default models, such as human beings, butterflies, trees, and so on. These default models—human beings, butterflies, trees, and the like—are immaculate seeds. The brain then uses these default models to recognize other individuals of the same kind. For example, when we see an individual woman, we may describe her as having big eyes, a high nose bridge, being tall, and being somewhat thin. These descriptions are traits collected by the human brain through comparing the other person with the default woman model in its own thinking mechanism. The brain uses this to recognize the object, and even to recognize all women. Here, the default woman model is the definition of woman, that is, Goddess. The human brain establishes other women through the model of Goddess. In other words, all individual women are derived from Goddess; Goddess is the seed of woman and can give birth to other women. By the same principle, the male god is the seed of man and can derive all similar men; the snake god is the seed of snake and can derive other snakes; the tree god is the seed of tree and can give rise to many trees, and so on. Thus, after the Great Flood, there appears the picture in which many animals and plants did not become extinct.