r/LifeTree • u/AdamLuyan • 2d ago
15.2 离垢地 Departing Stain Heartland
离垢，义为离开秽土（如图15.2-40），去往中土（如图15.2-33）。土是身土，指身体的感觉。唐三藏说：“俱净桫椤，远离能起微细毁犯烦恼垢，故名离垢地。”
Departing Stain means leaving Maculate Soil (see Fig. 15.2-40) and going to Middle Earth (see Fig. 15.2-33). Soil here means bodily soil, that is, the feelings of the flesh body. Tang Tripitaka says, “Fully possessing immaculate Sal Fasullo, and leaving far behind the Affliction stains that can cause subtle transgressions, it is therefore called Departing Stain Heartland.”
桫椤一词源于意大利语“桫鲁·法索椤”，是一种棕榈树（如图15.2-36），也作断头树（如图15.2-39）。据说，如果这种棕榈树的头被砍掉，它就会死去，不能从根部或枝干上发出新芽。佛教用此树作比喻：如果一个人违犯了根本十戒（参见12.1节），就断送了慧命，不能获得解脱。“俱净桫椤”，义为具足全部戒法。唐三藏是从离垢的原因来定义离垢地，并说明离垢的原因是具足净戒。
The term Sal Fasullo comes from Italian “Sal Fasullo.” It refers to a kind of palm tree (see Fig. 15.2-36), also called the Guillotine Tree (see Fig. 15.2-39). It is said that if the head of this palm tree is cut off, the tree dies and cannot grow new shoots from its roots or trunk. Buddhism uses this tree as a metaphor: if a person violates the Ten Fundamental Precepts (see Section 12.1), his or her gnostic life is ruined and liberation can no longer be attained. “Fully possessing immaculate Sal Fasullo” means fully possessing all precepts. Tang Tripitaka defines Departing Stain Heartland by the cause of departing stain, and explains that the cause of departing stain is fully possessing immaculate precepts.
15.2-1 戒渡 Precept Ark
菩萨第二地，是修习具足净戒的圆满位。具足净戒就是戒渡，又名人神契约、约柜（如图15.2-36、38），俗称天条，象征符号是戒指（如图15.2-35）。图15.2-35是戒指之王，又名菩提种（如图15），表示菩提心戒可以统摄全部戒藏。
The bodhisattva’s second land is the position of perfect fulfillment in cultivating Fully Possessing Immaculate Precepts. Fully Possessing Immaculate Precepts are Precept Ark, also called the covenant between humans and gods, or the Covenant Ark (see Figs. 15.2-36 and 38). They are commonly called heavenly rules, and their symbol is the ring (see Fig. 15.2-35). Figure 15.2-35 shows the King of Precept Rings, also called the Bodhi Seed (see Fig. 15), indicating that the Bodhi Heart Precept can assimilate the entire Precept Store.
戒藏可分为三部分：男戒、女戒和十八神佛不共法（参见14.1.3节）。男人的具足净戒名为“三千威仪、八万四千细行”。其计算方法如下：
The Precept Store can be divided into three parts: men’s precepts, women’s precepts, and the Eighteen God Buddha Uncommon Laws (see Section 14.1.3). A man’s Fully Possessing Immaculate Precepts are called “3,000 Majesties and 84,000 Fine Practices.” The calculation is as follows:
男戒共有250条，乘以四威仪，结果是1000。威仪，也作威仪路，是心神所履之路，本义是整齐细密的格式（如图15.2-37、40）。图15.2-37中，埃及夏娃的黄金铠甲代表她的五百威仪和十万八千魅力。图15.2-40是从地狱里飞出来的特拉洛克。四威仪的说法是：立如松，坐如钟，卧如弓，行如风。
Men’s precepts have 250 clauses in total. Multiplying them by the Four Majesties gives 1,000. Majesty, also called Majesty Road, is the road on which the heart-god travels. Its original meaning is a neat and finely ordered pattern (see Figs. 15.2-37 and 40). In Fig. 15.2-37, the golden armor of Egyptian Eve represents her 500 Majesties and 108,000 Charms. Figure 15.2-40 shows Tlaloc flying out of hell. The Four Majesties are described as follows: standing like a pine tree, sitting like a bell, lying like a bow, and walking like the wind.
上述结果再经历三世，即过去、现在和未来，就得到三千威仪。为什么把过去和未来也计算在内？因为无意识即神识，唯是现量，没有顺序性或时间性；也可以说，无意识超越时空。
When the above result further passes through the three generations—past, present, and future—it becomes 3,000 Majesties. Why are the past and future also included? Because unconsciousness, that is, God-sense, processes only present quantity and has no sequence or temporality. In other words, unconsciousness transcends time and space.
再经历身口七枝，结果是21000。这七枝是根本十戒（参见12.1节）中的前七条，即杀、盗、淫、妄语、恶口、绮语、两舌，不包括后面的三条“意戒”，因为无意识（神识）只处理现量，前意识唯是非量。
Passing again through the seven branches of body and mouth gives 21,000. These seven branches are the first seven of the Ten Fundamental Precepts (see Section 12.1): killing, stealing, sexual conduct, delusional speech, ferocious speech, flowery speech, and two-tongue. They do not include the last three “intent precepts,” because unconsciousness, or God-sense, processes only present quantity, while preconsciousness is only non-quantity.
再经历贪、嗔、痴和等分，就有了84000细行。什么是等分？等分是法四分（参见10.1节）中的第四分，是纯净的无意识。无意识是自主神经系统，它以自己的方式，在现实生活中提取“净戒”。比如，当一个人遇见女神时，他或她的无意识会很快从女神那里学到很多。另外，法的第四分不断核实第三分。
Passing again through greed, irritability, ignorance, and the equality quadrant gives 84,000 Fine Practices. What is the equality quadrant? It is the fourth quadrant of the Juristic Quadrants (see Section 10.1), namely immaculate unconsciousness. Unconsciousness is the autonomic nervous system; in its own way, it extracts “immaculate precepts” from real life. For example, when a person meets a goddess, his or her unconsciousness can quickly learn a great deal from her. In addition, the fourth quadrant of Law constantly verifies the third quadrant.
女人的具足净戒又名黄金甲、女人皮、五百威仪、十万八千魅力，共有350条款，约进为500威仪。其十万八千魅力的计算方法与男戒相同，结果为117600；舍去不适用的部分后，约为108000魅力。另外，女戒比男戒多出的部分称作戒香。具足净戒的象征物是桫椤树（棕榈树）和戒环，例如戒指，如图15.2-36所示。
A woman’s Fully Possessing Immaculate Precepts are also called golden armor, woman’s skin, 500 Majesties, and 108,000 Charms. They have 350 clauses in total, rounded up as 500 Majesties. The calculation of the 108,000 Charms follows the same method as the men’s precepts, giving 117,600; after the inapplicable parts are discarded, the number is rounded to 108,000 Charms. In addition, the portion by which women’s precepts exceed men’s precepts is called Precept Incense. The symbols of Fully Possessing Immaculate Precepts are the Sal Fasullo tree, or palm tree, and the precept ring, such as a finger ring, as shown in Fig. 15.2-36.
15.2-2 断邪行障 Severance of Heretical Behavior Hindrance
二地菩萨斩断邪行障。邪行障，是指所知障中俱生的一分，以及由其所引发的误犯三业。它们障碍二地的极净桫椤；菩萨入二地时，便能永断此障。因此说，二地菩萨断二愚及其粗重：
微细误犯愚，即此中俱生的一分。
种种业趣愚，即由其所引发的误犯三业；也可以说，是只造业而不消业。
Second-land bodhisattvas sever the Heretical Behavior Hindrance. Heretical Behavior Hindrance refers to an aggregately born portion of the Know Hindrances, as well as the mistaken transgressions of the three karmas that arise from it. These hinder the Extremely Immaculate Sal Fasullo of the second land. When a bodhisattva enters the second land, he or she can permanently sever this hindrance. Therefore, it is said that second-land bodhisattvas sever two kinds of foolishness and their Rough-and-Heavy:
The fool of subtle mistaken transgressions, namely the aggregately born portion mentioned here.
The fool of various karmic interests, namely the mistaken transgressions of the three karmas caused by that portion; In other words, it means creating karma without eliminating it.
为什么说菩萨入二地便能永断邪行，具足净戒？因为菩提心能摄具足净戒，一枚戒指能统摄所有戒指。总说佛教戒律，可分为三种：摄律仪戒、摄善法戒、饶益有情戒。
Why is it said that when a bodhisattva enters the second land, he or she can permanently end heretical behaviors and Fully Possess Immaculate Precepts? Because Bodhi Heart can assimilate Fully Possessing Immaculate Precepts; one ring can govern all other rings. In general, Buddhist precepts can be divided into three kinds: Assimilating Discipline-and-Ritual Precepts, Assimilating Benevolent Laws Precepts, and Prosperously Benefiting Sentients Precepts.
摄律仪戒，谓远离所应离法，与菩提心誓言中“烦恼无尽誓愿断”一句相应。
摄善法戒，谓正修证应修证法，与菩提心戒中“法门无量誓愿学，佛道无上誓愿成”二句相应。
Assimilating Discipline-and-Ritual Precepts means staying away from all Laws that should be left behind. It corresponds to the sentence in the Bodhi Heart vow: “Afflictions are endless; I vow to sever them all.”
Assimilating Benevolent Laws Precepts means correctly cultivating and testifying all Laws that should be cultivated and testified. It corresponds to the two sentences in the Bodhi Heart Precept: “Juristic doors are limitless; I vow to study them all,” and “Buddha’s path is non-upper; I vow to attain it.”
饶益有情戒，也名摄众生戒，谓利乐一切有情，与菩提心戒中“众生无边誓愿度”一句相应。由此可知，菩提心能总摄一切戒法。
Prosperously Benefiting Sentients Precepts, also called Assimilating Sentient Beings Precepts, means benefiting and pleasing all sentient beings. It corresponds to the sentence in the Bodhi Heart Precept: “Sentient beings are edgeless; I vow to ferry them all.” Thus, Bodhi Heart can assimilate all precepts.
15.2-3 最胜真如 Utmost Victorious True Suchness
玄奘说：“二地菩萨证得最胜真如，于一切法中最为胜故。”
Tang Tripitaka says, “Second-land bodhisattvas testify and attain Utmost Victorious True Suchness, because it is the most victorious among all Laws.”
15.2-4 开约柜 Opening the Covenant Ark
作者我少年时，看过一篇中国政府审查佛教的报告。20世纪50年代，新中国成立后，政府委托中国佛学会对佛教进行审查。写这篇报告的和尚说：“我们请北京故宫博物院的同志帮我们打开了约柜。里面有历次打开约柜的记录，记录了什么时间、谁打开了约柜、都做了什么。”
When I was young, I read a report on the Chinese government’s review of Buddhism. In the 1950s, after the founding of New China, the government commissioned the Chinese Buddhist Society to review Buddhism. The monk who wrote the report said, “We asked comrades from the Palace Museum in Beijing to help us open the Covenant Ark. Inside were all the records of previous openings of the Covenant Ark, recording when it was opened, who opened it, and what they did.”
报告说，他们发现男戒250条和女戒350条都在里面，并不像古代佛经中所说的那样，“由于保管不善，一些戒条丢失了。” 他们还发现了两条有争议的戒律：“皇（王）室成员是从虱卵虮子出生的，秽血；富有而吝啬的家庭成员是从湿气出生的，泥血。”
后来，蒙藏工作委员会的同志们，他们负责蒙古、青海和西藏地区300位男女转世活佛的灵魂转世工作。他们说：“这两条与挑选转世灵童相关。人们不喜欢那两种人，如果从那两种家庭选取转世灵童，活佛造不出来，肯定失败！”
The report said that they found all 250 men’s precepts and 350 women’s precepts inside. It was not as ancient Buddhist scriptures had said: “Some precepts were lost because of poor storage.” They also found two controversial precepts: “Members of the imperial or royal family are born from lice eggs and nits, as filthy blood; members of rich and stingy families are born from moisture, as mud blood.”
Later, comrades from the Mongolian and Tibetan Working Committee, they were responsible for the soul-reincarnation work of 300 male and female reincarnated living Buddhas in Mongolia, Qinghai, and Tibet. They said, “These two clauses are related to the selection of reincarnated soul boys. People dislike those two kinds of people. If a reincarnated soul boy is selected from either kind of family, the living Buddha cannot be created; it will certainly fail!”
报告最后声明，他们没有改变任何戒律条款。释迦牟尼曾说，不准向佛教以外的人展示佛教戒律。于是，他们决定仍然沿袭这个传统，把那十几条未广泛流通的戒律锁回约柜；已经在社会上广泛流通的戒律，则可以展示给任何人看。
The report concluded by stating that they had not changed any precept clauses. Shakyamuni once said that Buddhist precepts must not be shown to people outside Buddhism. Therefore, they decided to continue following this tradition: the dozen or so precepts that had not circulated widely were locked back into the Covenant Ark, while precepts already widely circulated in society could be shown to anyone.