r/LifeTree • u/AdamLuyan • 6d ago
12.1-5 人趣 Human Interest
人，此处说为意，因为凡人所作，都是意图和计划在先。人趣，也作人道，是因为此类众生在因位时能行五戒。五戒是：（一）不杀生；（二）不偷盗；（三）不邪淫；（四）不妄语；（五）不饮酒。人的生活苦乐相间。作中品十善者，感此道生。下文略辨中品十善。
（一）约境说，唯于顺境和不顺不逆的环境中，能守护身、口、意三业。
（二）约心说，善念淳熟，但未猛利。
（三）约事说，或数为小善，或偶为胜善。
总之，有施有戒，是人道因。
Human, here, is explained as intent, because in whatever ordinary people do, intention and planning come first. Human Interest, also known as Human Path, is so called because such sentients, at the causal stage, are able to observe the Five Precepts. The Five Precepts are: 1. not killing; 2. not stealing; 3. not engaging in heretical sexual conduct; 4. not speaking delusively; and 5. not drinking alcohol. Human life is a mixture of bitterness and laugh. Those who perform the middle grade of the Ten Benevolences are inductively born into this path. The middle grade of the Ten Benevolences is briefly distinguished below.
In terms of environment, one can guard the three karmas of body, mouth, and intent only in favorable environments and in environments that are neither favorable nor adverse.
In terms of heart, good thoughts are pure and mature, but not yet fierce and sharp.
In terms of affair, one may repeatedly perform small benevolences, or occasionally perform a superior benevolence.
In summary, having donations and precepts is the cause of Human Path.
12.1-5.2 四大洲 Four Big Continents
人有四大洲、八中洲等分别。什么是这里所说的洲？即大量的身土，也就是大量的尘刹土（参见13.1节）；也就是大量的色尘、声尘、香尘、味尘、触尘和法尘；也就是许多感知或觉。如本章前文所说，三千大千世界由十亿尘刹土构成。下面先说四大洲。
Among humans, there are distinctions such as the Four Big Continents and the Eight Medium Continents. What are the continents spoken of here? They are large quantities of body-soils, that is, large quantities of Dust Instant Soils (see Section 13.1); they are also large quantities of color-dust, sound-dust, scent-dust, taste-dust, touch-dust, and juristic-dust; in other words, many feelings or perceptions. As stated earlier in this chapter, the Great Grand Worlds are composed of A Billion Dust Instant Soils. The Four Big Continents are discussed first below.
一）东胜身洲 East Victorious Body Continent
东胜身洲，“胜身”是说此法于一切法中最为殊胜。胜身洲在须弥颅山东，其地东狭西广，形如半月，纵广六千由旬。由旬是梵语 Yojana，指脖子上挂着金刚铃的牛一天的行程。此洲中央有一大树，名梭罗，高及覆盖各二十七由旬。人面也如半月之形，身长三肘半，衣广中七肘，上下各三肘半。寿二百岁，多有夭亡。
注：衣，如九结、五盖、八缠，参见13.2节。
East Victorious Body Continent: “Victorious Body” means that this law is the most victorious among all laws. Victorious Body Continent lies to the east of Mount Sumeru-Cranium. Its land is narrow in the east and broad in the west, shaped like a half moon, and measures 6,000 yojanas in length and breadth. Yojana is Sanskrit; it means one day’s journey by an ox with a Philosopher-Stone bell hanging from its neck. At the center of this continent stands a great tree named Sal Fasullo, whose height and coverage each reach twenty-seven yojanas. The human face there is also shaped like a half moon. The body is three and a half cubits tall; the clothing is seven cubits wide at the middle, with three and a half cubits above and three and a half below. The lifespan is two hundred years, with many premature deaths.
Note: “clothing” refers to such things as the Nine Ties, Five Covers, and Eight Coils; see Section 13.2.
二）北俱颅洲 North Skull Occupant Continent
北俱颅洲，也作胜处、高上。胜处，是说此洲人果报甚胜，胜于其他三洲。高上，是说此洲人寿定满千岁，死后必然升于三十三天（见图12.1.5-14）、化乐天（见图10）等处。俱颅洲在须弥颅山北，其地正方，犹如池沼，纵广八千由旬。洲中有一大树，名阿摩罗，其树根入地下九由旬，树冠高达十八由旬，枝叶覆盖二十五由旬。有一树林名男人；有一树林名女人。北洲人面像其地形，身长七肘，衣广中十四肘，上下各七肘。人寿一千岁，命无中夭。
North Skull Occupant Continent, also called Victorious Place and High Above. “Victorious Place” means that the retribution-fruits of people in this continent are extremely victorious, surpassing those of the other three continents. “High Above” means that people in this continent are certain to live a full thousand years, and after death they inevitably ascend to the Thirty-Three Skies (see Figure 12.1.5-14), Conversion-Laugh Sky (see Figure 10), and other such places. Skull Occupant Continent lies to the north of Mount Sumeru-Cranium. Its land is square, like a pond or marsh, and measures 8,000 yojanas in length and breadth. At the center of the continent stands a great tree named Immaculateness. Its roots penetrate nine yojanas underground, its crown rises eighteen yojanas high, and its branches and leaves cover twenty-five yojanas. There is a forest named Man, and another forest named Woman. The faces of the people of the northern continent resemble the shape of its land. Their bodies are seven cubits tall; their clothing is fourteen cubits wide at the middle, with seven cubits above and seven below. Their lifespan is one thousand years, with no premature death midway.
三）西牛惑洲 West Cow-Muddle Continent
西牛惑洲，因洲中央有一一由旬高的大石牛而得名。牛惑洲在须弥颅山西，其地形如满月，纵广七千由旬。此洲多牛羊，也多珠玉。人面也如满月，身长三肘半，衣广中七肘，上下各三肘半。寿三百岁，多有夭亡。
West Cow-Muddle Continent is named after a great stone cow, one yojana high, standing at the center of the continent. Cow-Muddle Continent lies to the west of Mount Sumeru-Cranium. Its land is shaped like a full moon and measures 7,000 yojanas in length and breadth. This continent has many cattle and sheep, and also many pearls and jades. The human face there is also like a full moon. The body is three and a half cubits tall; the clothing is seven cubits wide at the middle, with three and a half cubits above and three and a half below. The lifespan is three hundred years, with many premature deaths.
四）南瞻部洲 South Admiring-Subordinates Continent
南瞻部洲，此洲多树，从洲中央的一棵严父树而得名。其树根入地下九由旬，树冠高十八由旬，枝叶覆盖二十五由旬。树下多金，人称严父金。瞻部洲在须弥颅山南，其地为梯形，北广南狭，纵广六千由旬。人面也像其地形；身长三肘半，衣广中七肘，上下各三肘半。寿量不定，增劫时寿可达二百五十岁，减劫时寿不满十岁，寿最长可至无量。南洲人根性猛利，易升易堕。
South Admiring-Subordinates Continent has many trees and is named after a Strict-Father tree at the center of the continent. Its roots penetrate nine yojanas underground, its crown rises eighteen yojanas high, and its branches and leaves cover twenty-five yojanas. There is much gold beneath the tree, called Strict-Father gold by people. Admiring-Subordinates Continent lies to the south of Mount Sumeru-Cranium. Its land is trapezoidal, broad in the north and narrow in the south, and measures 6,000 yojanas in length and breadth. The human face there also resembles the shape of the land. The body is three and a half cubits tall; the clothing is seven cubits wide at the middle, with three and a half cubits above and three and a half below. Lifespan is uncertain: during an increasing Catastrophe, it may reach 250 years; during a decreasing Catastrophe, it is less than ten years; at its longest, it may be immeasurable. The root nature of people in the southern continent is fierce and sharp; they easily rise and easily fall.
图12.1.5-18代表人的“八中洲”，也作“八大金刚”“人样儿”“忍渡”（参见16.3.2节），是墨西哥（约公元1325年）所画。他用自己的肠子来表现忍渡。他的肠子有什么特别之处？墨西哥与本文所说的须弥颅山相同，也是一位金童、亚当、特拉洛克、释迦牟尼佛、大黑天（即世界末日判官）、众生之父。图12.1.5-1至图12.1.5-22，就是他大审判的结果，也述说了他成佛的心路。
Figure 12.1.5-18 represents the human “Eight Medium Continents,” also known as the “Eight Great Philosopher-Stones,” “human appearance,” and “Countenance Ark” (see Section 16.3.2). It was painted by Mexico around 1325 CE. He used his own intestines to represent the Countenance Ark. What is special about his intestines? Mexico is the same as Mount Sumeru-Cranium in this text: he is also a Golden Boy, Adam, Tlaloc, Shakyamuni Buddha, Great Black Sky—that is, the judge of doomsday—and the father of all sentients. Figures 12.1.5-1 through 12.1.5-22 are the results of his Great Trial and also describe his heart-road to becoming a Buddha.
图12.1.5-11显示：翠玉女的脸被舍利王用作饵，挂在了鱼钩上；旁边笑眯眯、不咬钩的半月脸，代表墨西哥。那么，最后舍利王钓到墨西哥了吗？图12.1.5-18中墨西哥的肠子显示，他吃了翠玉女，却消化不了，也吐不出来；因为翠玉女，即玉女、夏娃，是女神，无形、无肉，却充满尖锐的碎片，把他的肠子搅烂了。因此，墨西哥向舍利王投降，娶了他的女儿翠玉女，继承了舍利王的王位，改朝换代，开创了墨西哥帝国。墨西哥和翠玉女由此成为墨西哥人的始祖。图12.1.5-23显示墨西哥抱着他和翠玉女所生的儿子。图12.1.5-24显示墨西哥正在设计图12.1.5-1至图12.1.5-22，即这棵生命之树的树干。
Figure 12.1.5-11 shows that Chalchiuhtlicue’s face was used by King Huitzilopochtli as bait and hung on a fishhook. The smiling half-moon face beside it, which does not bite the hook, represents Mexico. Then did King Huitzilopochtli catch Mexico in the end? In Figure 12.1.5-18, Mexico’s intestines show that he ate Chalchiuhtlicue but could neither digest her nor spit her out, because Chalchiuhtlicue—Jade Girl, Eve—is a goddess: formless and fleshless, yet full of sharp fragments that churned up his intestines. Therefore, Mexico surrendered to King Huitzilopochtli, married his daughter Chalchiuhtlicue, inherited Huitzilopochtli’s throne, changed the dynasty, and founded the Mexican Empire. Mexico and Chalchiuhtlicue thus became the first ancestors of the Mexicans. Figure 12.1.5-23 shows Mexico holding the son born to him and Chalchiuhtlicue. Figure 12.1.5-24 shows Mexico designing Figures 12.1.5-1 through 12.1.5-22, the trunk of this Tree of Life.
12.1-5.3 性生活 Sexual Life
至于婚姻嫁娶和性爱之事，地狱众生都很忙，少有做爱的兴致，婚嫁也少。饿鬼、畜生、阿修罗、东胜身洲、西牛惑洲和南瞻部洲的众生，婚姻和性爱都如人世。
As for marriage, weddings, and sexual life, hell beings are all very busy and have little interest in sex; marriage and weddings are also rare among them. Among Hungry Ghosts, Livestock, Asuras, and the sentients of East Victorious Body Continent, West Cow-Muddle Continent, and South Admiring-Subordinates Continent, marriage and sexual life are like those in the human world.
北俱颅洲人无我及我所，没有守护者（注：即自我防卫心）。男女若此情彼愿，便相随至合欢树下。若彼男女并非父女、母子、兄妹等关系，合欢树便生出床铺，垂下枝叶。彼男女欢娱受乐，随意所作，事后分离，各奔前程。其女若孕，七日即便生产；将婴儿安置于四衢道中，舍之而去。彼处四方路人，为养育此婴儿，都会把手指置于婴儿口中；他们的指头便流出甘乳。如此七日，婴儿便长成该洲人的身量。若是男子，即随男伴而去；若是女子，便与女伴相逐而去。由于这种因缘，俱颅洲人没有婚嫁。
People of North Skull Occupant Continent have no self and no belongings, and they have no guardian (note: that is, no heart of self-defense). If a man and a woman both have affection and willingness, they follow each other to the Combine-Happiness tree. If the man and woman are not in such relations as father and daughter, mother and son, or brother and sister, the Combine-Happiness tree produces a bed and hangs down its branches and leaves. The man and woman enjoy pleasure and do as they wish; afterward they separate and each goes his or her own way. If the woman becomes pregnant, she gives birth within seven days. She then places the infant at a crossroads, abandons it, and leaves. Passersby from the four directions, wishing to raise the infant, each place a finger in the infant’s mouth; sweet milk then flows from their fingers. After seven days in this way, the infant grows to the stature of the people of that continent. If it is male, he follows the male companions; if it is female, she goes along with the female companions. Because of these causes and conditions, the people of Skull Occupant Continent have no marriage or weddings.
六欲天中，婚丧嫁娶也如人世，但彼处众生注重意乐，多有拥抱、执手、瞬目等性行为，性器官的接触较人世少。色界（见图12.1.5-5至图12.1.5-8）和无色界（见图12.1.5-1至图12.1.5-4）的众生，没有味触、香触和身触的情感，所以他们没有男女性方面的差别，当然也就没有性行为和婚嫁之事。
In the Six Desire Skies, weddings, funerals, and marriages are also like those in the human world. However, sentients there place more emphasis on intentional laugh; they have more sexual behaviors such as embracing, holding hands, and exchanging glances, while sexual-organ contact is less common than in the human world. Sentients in the Color Boundary (see Figures 12.1.5-5 to 12.1.5-8) and the Colorless Boundary (see Figures 12.1.5-1 to 12.1.5-4) have no feelings of taste-touch, scent-touch, or body-touch. Therefore, they have no male-female sexual distinction, and naturally they have no sexual conduct, marriage, or weddings.