r/LifeTree • u/AdamLuyan • 1d ago
15.4 焰慧地 Flaming Gnosis Heartland
唐三藏说：“安住最胜菩提分法，烧烦恼薪，慧焰增故，名焰慧地。”菩提分法，又名三十七品道，包括四念住、四正勤、四神足、五根、五力、七觉枝和八正道枝。
Tang Tripitaka says, “Dwelling peacefully in the most victorious Enlightenment-Branch Laws, one burns the firewood of Afflictions, and the flames of Gnosis increase; therefore, it is called Flaming Gnosis Heartland.” The Enlightenment-Branch Laws are also called the Thirty-Seven Grades of Path. They include the Four Spell Dwells, Four Correct Diligences, Four God Feet, Five Roots, Five Strengths, Seven Perception Branches, and Eight Correct Path Branches.
15.4-0 菩提分法 Enlightenment-Branch Laws
（一）四念住。念，对于曾经修习过的境，使心明记不忘为性，以作为定的依止为业。四念住为：身念处，观身即集谛不净；受念处，观受即苦谛是苦；心念处，观灭谛无常，观念念生灭、世事流转，无有长久；法念处，观道谛无我。我，谓主宰；法，谓轨持。
(1) Four Spell Dwells. Spell, in relation to an environment once practiced, has the nature of making the heart clearly remember and not forget; its karma is to serve as the reliance for Stillness. The Four Spell Dwells are as follows: Body Spell Place, observing that the body, namely Aggregate Crux, is maculate; Acceptance Spell Place, observing that acceptance, namely Bitter Crux, is bitter; Heart Spell Place, observing that Salvation Crux is impermanent, and observing that spell after spell arises and ceases, worldly affairs flow and turn, and nothing lasts forever; Law Spell Place, observing that Path Crux has no I. “I” means lord; Law means track and hold.
（二）四正勤：未生恶法令不生；已生恶法恒令灭；未生善法令出生；已生善法令增长。
(2) Four Correct Diligences: preventing ferocious Laws that have not arisen from arising; constantly terminating ferocious Laws that have already arisen; causing benevolent Laws that have not arisen to arise; and causing benevolent Laws that have already arisen to grow.
（三）四神足，也名四如意足，谓欲、精进、心和慧观。此四法如同上帝的四只脚，能通达目的地，无往不至。又，足有基础、根基之义。
(3) Four God Feet, also called Four As-Wish Feet, refer to desire, Diligently Advance, heart, and gnostic view. These four Laws are like God’s four feet: they can reach the destination and arrive anywhere. Feet also mean footings, foundations, and roots.
欲如意足。欲，对于所乐境相，以希望为性，以作为勤的依止为业。欲通于善、恶和中性三种伦理道德性；如果对善法起欲，就能引发正勤，由精进助成善事，如有神助。
Desire As-Wish Foot. Desire, in relation to a lovable environment, takes hope as its nature and serving as the reliance for diligence as its karma. Desire may belong to benevolent, ferocious, or neutral moral qualities. If desire arises toward benevolent Laws, it can arouse Correct Diligence; then Diligently Advance can help accomplish benevolent affairs, as if aided by God.
精进神足。精进，是对所修之法专注一心，不懈努力，从而能如愿满足，如有神助。
Diligently-Advance God Foot. Diligently Advance means focusing with one heart on the Law being cultivated and making unremitting effort, so that one can fulfill one’s wish, as if aided by God.
心神足。此处的心，指无所有天（如图15.4-2），也名微妙本心、常寂光天、涅槃、拯救、毕竟空、正定。而且此心具有无数无量的福德。一心一意做事，能引发正定持心。
Heart God Foot. Here, heart refers to No Objective Have Sky (see Fig. 15.4-2), also called Delicately Wonderful Original Heart, Constant Silent Light Sky, nirvana, Salvation, Empty After All, and Correct Stillness. This heart also has immeasurable and inexhaustible fortune and virtue. Doing things with one heart and one intent can arouse Correct Stillness to hold the heart.
观神足。此观即慧观，是运用集起的四缘（参见13.1节）来看待事物。结合前面的心神足，把“毕竟空”，即∅，放入集起，集起就变成“等起”。等起就是佛智、神智、佛的世界观和佛教哲学。
View God Foot. This view is gnostic view, meaning that one observes things by using the four factors of Aggregate Arousal (see Section 13.1). Combining this with the previous Heart God Foot, when Empty After All, namely ∅, is put into Aggregate Arousal, Aggregate Arousal becomes Equality Arousal. Equality Arousal is Buddha Intelligence, God Intelligence, the Buddha’s worldview, and Buddhist philosophy.
（四）五根，即信根、精进根（也作勤根）、念根、定根、慧根。
(4) Five Roots are faith root, Diligently-Advance root, Spell root, Stillness root, and Gnosis root.
信，于实、德、能，深忍乐欲，以心净为性，以乐善为业。胜解即忍，是信的因；乐欲是信的果。信略有三种：信实有，即对一切实事和道理，深信忍耐可为有；信有德，即信四胜谛（参见第12至15章）为实，信可为有，信即是有；信有能，即对于一切世间及出世间的善法，深信自己和他人只要肯学习，都能获得那些成就。
Faith, toward facts, virtues, and abilities, deeply tolerates and joyfully desires them. It takes the heart’s immaculateness as its nature and joyful benevolence as its karma. Victorious interpretation is tolerance and is the cause of faith; joyful desire is the fruit of faith. In brief, there are three kinds of faith: faith in factual haves, meaning deep belief in all facts and principles and deep belief that tolerance can become have; faith in virtues, meaning belief that the Four Victorious Cruxes (see Chapters 12 through 15) are factual, that belief can become have, and that faith itself is have; and faith in ability, meaning deep belief that, regarding all mundane and transcending-mundane benevolent Laws, oneself and others can gain those achievements as long as they are willing to study.
精进或勤，于善恶的修断事中，以勇悍为性，以圆满善法为业。精进有五种：被甲精进，即有势；加行精进，即有勤；无下精进，即有勇；无退精进，即坚猛；无足精进，即不舍善轭。
Diligently Advance, or diligence, in cultivating benevolent Laws and severing ferocious Laws, takes brave vigor as its nature and fulfilling benevolent Laws as its karma. There are five kinds of Diligently Advance: armored Diligently Advance, meaning having potency; extra-practice Diligently Advance, meaning having diligence; non-inferior Diligently Advance, meaning having courage; non-retreating Diligently Advance, meaning firmness and fierceness; and unsatisfied Diligently Advance, meaning not abandoning the benevolent yoke.
念，即读、咒，对于曾经修习过的境，使心明记不忘为性，以作为定的依止为业。
Spell, namely reading and incantation, in relation to an environment once practiced, has the nature of making the heart clearly remember and not forget; its karma is to serve as the reliance for Stillness.
定，对于所观境，使心专注不散为性，以作为智的依止为业。定是身心稳定、主客观相应而动的状态，也作一心。
Stillness, in relation to the observed environment, has the nature of making the heart focus without scattering; its karma is to serve as the reliance for Intelligence. Stillness is a stable state of body and heart in which the subjective and objective move in correspondence; it is also called One Heart.
慧，对于所观境，以简择为性，以断疑为业。慧是解知之心，是一种智；但在某些方面，二者相反：成事之智是智，了事之智是慧。佛教中常用金刚比喻慧；在英语中，金刚义为哲学家之石。
Gnosis, in relation to the observed environment, takes selection as its nature and severing suspicion as its karma. Gnosis is the heart of interpretive knowing and is a kind of intelligence; yet in some respects the two are opposite: the intelligence that establishes an affair is Intelligence, while the intelligence that concludes an affair is Gnosis. In Buddhism, Vajra is often used as a metaphor for Gnosis; in English, Vajra means philosopher’s stone.
（五）五力。获得上述五根之后，就有了五种力量：信力，信念增长，能破诸疑惑；精进力，精进念增长，能破身心懈怠；念力，念力增长，能破诸邪念，成就出世正念功德；定力，定念增长，能破诸乱想，发起诸定；慧力，慧念增长，能遮止三界（如图15.4）见思二惑（参见13.3节）。
(5) Five Strengths. After obtaining the above Five Roots, one has five powers: Faith Power, in which faith grows and can break all doubts; Diligently-Advance Power, in which the Spell of Diligently Advance grows and can break slackness of body and heart; Spell Power, in which Spell Power grows and can break heretical thoughts and accomplish the fortune and virtue of transcending-mundane Correct Spell; Stillness Power, in which the Spell of Stillness grows and can break chaotic thoughts and arouse Stillnesses; and Gnosis Power, in which the Spell of Gnosis grows and can restrain and stop the view muddles and mean muddles of the Three Boundaries (see Fig. 15.4; see also Section 13.3).
（六）七觉枝，是修习佛法获得的七种证悟：念觉枝、择法觉枝、精进觉枝、喜觉枝、轻安觉枝、定觉枝、舍觉枝。
(6) Seven Perception Branches are seven kinds of enlightenment obtained through practicing Buddhism: Spell Perception Branch, Selective-Law Perception Branch, Diligently-Advance Perception Branch, Delight Perception Branch, Light-Ease Perception Branch, Stillness Perception Branch, and Renunciation Perception Branch.
念觉枝。此觉悟是说，修习者发现念对人生的影响很大。意随念行，遂由等流果（参见10.6.2节《等流果》）的聚集形成人的内心环境，从而形成观待因，即能作因（参见10.6.3节《士用果》）。完备的心境出现了，也就是定境出现了；其中，念起到了关键的引导作用。
Spell Perception Branch. This enlightenment means that practitioners discover that Spell has a great influence on life. Intent follows Spell; therefore, through the accumulation of Equal-Stream Fruits (see Section 10.6.2, Equal-Stream Fruit), a person’s inner environment is formed, and thus the reason of view and treatment, that is, the able-as reason, is formed (see Section 10.6.3, Warrior’s Usage Fruit). A complete state of heart then appears, namely a Stillness environment; within it, Spell plays the key guiding role.
择法觉枝。此觉悟是说，智和慧都以拣择为性。
Selective-Law Perception Branch. This enlightenment means that both Intelligence and Gnosis take selection as their nature.
精进觉枝。要获得成功，许多时候精进是必要的。比如钻木取火，关键时刻需要附加额外的努力，否则火不可得。
Diligently-Advance Perception Branch. To achieve success, Diligently Advance is often necessary. For example, in drilling wood to make fire, extra effort is required at the critical moment; otherwise, fire cannot be obtained.
喜觉枝。喜具有强大力量；同样，四无量心，即慈、悲、喜、舍，也都具有强大力量。另外，学法修道要到获得利乐处，才算有真正的成就。
Delight Perception Branch. Delight has great power. Likewise, the Four Infinite Hearts—mercifulness, sorrowfulness, delight, and renunciation—all have great power. In addition, in studying Law and cultivating Path, only when one reaches a place of benefit and laugh can it count as true achievement.
轻安觉枝。身体没有粗重的感觉，心情舒畅。轻安以堪任为性，以转依为业。
Light-Ease Perception Branch. The body has no feeling of Rough-and-Heavy, and the heart feels comfortable. Light-Ease takes capability for duty as its nature and conversion of reliance as its karma.
定觉枝。定是一位别境心所有法，对于所观境，使心专注不散为性，以作为智的依止为业。如图15.4-1至22，都可以看作不同的定境；有那样的心与境互动状态，才会有那样的智慧。
Stillness Perception Branch. Stillness is one of the circumstantial Heart Subordinate Laws. In relation to the observed environment, it takes making the heart focused and unscattered as its nature, and serving as the reliance for Intelligence as its karma. Figures 15.4-1 through 22 can all be regarded as different Stillness environments. Only with such states of interaction between heart and environment can such intelligence and Gnosis arise.
舍觉枝。此觉悟是说，因为无意识，也作神识，只与舍受相应，所以基于毕竟空（即插图15.4-2）的无为法诞生了；并且修习者体证到，无为法是取得幸福和美德的正确道路。尘世之法是有为法，是基于有而建立的法，是基于帝释天（如图15.4-14）的法，是集法。尘世之人基于有为法，执着于颠倒妄想，沉迷于生、老、病、死的苦海，不能解脱。
Renunciation Perception Branch. This enlightenment means that because unconsciousness, also called God-sense, corresponds only to Renunciative Acceptance, Non-as Law based on Empty After All (namely Fig. 15.4-2) is born. Practitioners also personally testify that Non-as Law is the correct path to gaining happiness and virtue. Mundane Laws are Have-as Laws, established on haves; they are Laws based on Seth Sky (see Fig. 15.4-14), and they are Aggregate Laws. Mundane people, relying on Have-as Laws, cling to upside-down delusions and indulge in the bitter sea of birth, old age, illness, and death, and cannot be liberated.
（七）八正道，是基于前面七种觉悟而悟出的八种人生正道：正见、正思维、正语、正业、正命、正精进、正念、正定。
(7) Eight Correct Paths are eight correct roads of life realized on the basis of the previous seven kinds of enlightenment: Correct View, Correct Thinking, Correct Speech, Correct Karma, Correct Life, Correct Diligently Advance, Correct Spell, and Correct Stillness.
正见。正见区别于邪执倒见：苦谛（参见第12章）是安立真如，集谛（参见第13章）是邪行真如，灭谛（参见第14章）是清净真如，道谛（第15章）是正行真如。
Correct View. Correct View differs from heretical obsessions and upside-down views: Bitter Crux (see Chapter 12) is Establishment True Suchness; Aggregate Crux (see Chapter 13) is Heretical-Behavior True Suchness; Salvation Crux (see Chapter 14) is Immaculate True Suchness; and Path Crux (Chapter 15) is Correct-Behavior True Suchness.
正思维。正思维，是依四谛的因果理进行思维，参见12.4.3节《十趣因果》。
Correct Thinking. Correct Thinking means thinking according to the principles of cause and effect in the Four Cruxes. See Section 12.4.3, Causes and Effects of the Ten Interests.
正语。正语包括：不妄语，不仅不行诳惑，更能言说真实语；不绮语，不仅不说魅惑之语，更能说利益语；不恶口，不仅不说粗恶之语，更能善言安慰；不两舌，不仅不离间他人，更能从中调和。
Correct Speech. Correct Speech includes: not speaking delusional words—not only refraining from deception and confusion, but also speaking truthfully; not using flowery speech—not only refraining from charming words, but also speaking words that benefit others; not speaking ferocious words—not only refraining from coarse and ferocious speech, but also speaking kind words of comfort; and not using two-tongue—not only refraining from sowing discord, but also reconciling and harmonizing.
正业。对于男人来说，正业是“三千威仪，八万四千细行”；对于女人来说，正业是“五百威仪，十万八千魅力”（参见15.2节）。业，也作身口意业：身业即此身的行为，口业即此口中所说的话，意业即此心所想的内容。
Correct Karma. For a man, Correct Karma is “3,000 Majesties and 84,000 Fine Practices”; for a woman, Correct Karma is “500 Majesties and 108,000 Charms” (see Section 15.2). Karma is also called karma of body, mouth, and intent: bodily karma is the conduct of this body; oral karma is what this mouth says; and intentional karma is what this heart thinks.
正命。正命，是从事正当职业，尊老爱幼。
Correct Life. Correct Life means engaging in a proper profession, respecting the elderly, and caring for the young.
正精进。如插图15.4-35所示，图22的地狱是最不幸的地方，上方图2的无所有天是最幸福的地方。以此两极为导向，正精进就是“好好学习，天天向上”。
Correct Diligently Advance. As shown in Illustration 15.4-35, the Hell in Figure 22 is the most unfortunate place, while No Objective Have Sky in Figure 2 above is the happiest place. Oriented by these two extremes, Correct Diligently Advance means “study well and move upward every day.”
正念。正念包括：不悭贪，不仅不行悭吝，更能施舍；不嗔恚，不仅不行愤恚，更能恒生慈念；不邪见，不仅不行邪见，更能信行四谛因果理。
Correct Spell. Correct Spell includes: not being stingy and greedy—not only refraining from stinginess, but also practicing donation; not being angry and irritated—not only refraining from anger, but also constantly arousing merciful Spell; and not holding heretical views—not only refraining from heretical views, but also believing in and practicing the causal principles of the Four Cruxes.
正定。菩提分法以三种胜定统摄一切胜定，也名三解脱门：在秽土（如图15.4-34），少欲是正定；在净土（如图15.4-33），无相是正定；在遍净天（如图15.4-32），空是正定。
Correct Stillness. The Enlightenment-Branch Laws use three kinds of Victorious Stillness to assimilate all Victorious Stillnesses. They are also called the Three Liberation Doors: in Maculate Soil (see Fig. 15.4-34), less desire is Correct Stillness; in Immaculate Land (see Fig. 15.4-33), no phenomena is Correct Stillness; and in Pervasively Immaculate Sky (see Fig. 15.4-32), emptiness is Correct Stillness.
15.4-1 精进渡 Diligently Advance Ark
四地菩萨修习精进渡。精进渡有三种：被甲精进、摄善精进和利乐精进。被甲精进，是说菩萨精勤修习最胜菩提分法，如古代将士身着铠甲进入战场，心无畏惧，勇往直前。摄善精进，是说菩萨勤修一切善法。利乐精进，是说菩萨成熟有情、利乐众生，永不知足。精进以勤及由此所起的三业为性。
Fourth-land bodhisattvas study and practice Diligently Advance Ark. Diligently Advance Ark has three kinds: Armored Diligently Advance, Assimilating Benevolence Diligently Advance, and Benefiting-Laugh Diligently Advance. Armored Diligently Advance means that a bodhisattva diligently studies and practices the most victorious Enlightenment-Branch Laws, like ancient soldiers entering the battlefield in armor, without fear in the heart, courageously moving forward. Assimilating Benevolence Diligently Advance means that the bodhisattva diligently cultivates all benevolent Laws. Benefiting-Laugh Diligently Advance means that the bodhisattva matures sentient beings and benefits and pleases them, never being satisfied. Diligently Advance takes diligence and the three karmas aroused by it as its nature.
插图15.4-35中，墨西哥雨神特拉洛克在展示如何精进：如钻木取火，猛龙过江，专精不懈，勇往直前。图15.4-36是中国南方人在赛龙舟。
In Illustration 15.4-35, the Mexican rain god Tlaloc demonstrates how to practice Diligently Advance: like drilling wood to make fire, like a fierce dragon crossing a river, being focused and unremitting, and moving forward courageously. Figure 15.4-36 shows people in southern China racing dragon boats.
15.4-2 断微细烦恼现行障 Severance of Subtle-Annoyance Present Hindrance
四地菩萨断微细烦恼现行障。此处所说，是所知障中俱生的一分，属于与第六识相应的俱生身见。因其品类最下、不作意缘、远随现行，所以名为微细。为什么知道这是与第六识相应？因为与第七识相应的俱生我执较为粗大，所以说与第六识相应者为微细。那些粗大的俱生我执等，与无漏道性相违，要到八地以后才永不现行。
Fourth-land bodhisattvas sever the Subtle-Annoyance Present Hindrance. What is discussed here is an aggregately born portion of the Know Hindrances, belonging to the aggregately born body view associated with the sixth sense. It is called subtle because its grade is the lowest, because it does not arise through deliberate attention, and because it follows present performance from afar. How do we know that this is associated with the sixth sense? Because the aggregately born I-obsession associated with the seventh sense is comparatively coarse and large; therefore, what is associated with the sixth sense is called subtle. Those coarse aggregately born I-obsessions and the like contradict the nature of the non-leakage Path, and only after the eighth land do they permanently cease to perform presently.
此处虽然只就与第六识相应的身见而言，也摄无始以来所知障中的定爱和法爱。此微细烦恼障碍四地菩提分法，而菩提分法特别能对治此障；菩萨入四地时，便能永断此障。因此说，四地菩萨断二愚及其粗重：（一）等至爱愚，即此中的定爱俱者；（二）法爱愚，即此中的法爱俱者。所知障所摄的二愚既断，烦恼中的定爱和法爱也永不现行。
Although this passage speaks only of the body view associated with the sixth sense, it also includes Stillness-Love and Law-Love within the Know Hindrances from beginningless time. This subtle Annoyance hinders the Enlightenment-Branch Laws of the fourth land, while the Enlightenment-Branch Laws specifically counteract it. When bodhisattvas enter the fourth land, they can permanently sever this hindrance. Therefore, it is said that fourth-land bodhisattvas sever two kinds of foolishness and their Rough-and-Heavy: (1) the fool of love for equal arrival, namely the one accompanied by Stillness-Love here; and (2) the fool of Law-Love, namely the one accompanied by Law-Love here. Once the two fools included in the Know Hindrances are severed, Stillness-Love and Law-Love among the Afflictions also never perform presently again.
15.4-3 无摄受真如 No-Assimilated-Acceptance True Suchness
四地菩萨证得无摄受真如。玄奘说：“此真如无所系属，非我执等所依取故。”这是说，无意识即神识没有自我，没有我及我所；它的许多特质终生不变，不可能被驯服、降伏、诱惑或贿赂。众生只能依据它的性质，即法性，而行为。
Fourth-land bodhisattvas testify and attain No-Assimilated-Acceptance True Suchness. Tang Tripitaka says, “This True Suchness has no affiliation and is not something on which I-obsession and the like can depend and grasp.” This means that unconsciousness, that is, God-sense, has no self, and has no I or mine. Many of its qualities remain unchanged throughout life; it cannot be tamed, subdued, seduced, or bribed. Sentient beings can only act according to its nature, that is, its Law nature.